Càng học nhiếp ảnh, tôi càng biết điều chỉnh máy ảnh.

It means the more ..., the more ....

So in this sentence:

• Càng học nhiếp ảnh = The more I study photography
• tôi càng biết điều chỉnh máy ảnh = the more I know how to adjust the camera

This is a very common Vietnamese structure for showing a relationship where one thing increases together with another.

A few similar examples:

• Càng đọc nhiều, tôi càng hiểu hơn.
  = The more I read, the more I understand.

• Càng tập, bạn càng giỏi.
  = The more you practice, the better you become.

Because the full comparison pattern is càng X, càng Y.

The first càng introduces the first changing condition:

• Càng học nhiếp ảnh = the more I study photography

The second càng introduces the result that also increases:

• tôi càng biết điều chỉnh máy ảnh = I increasingly know how to adjust the camera

Using càng in both parts is normal and expected in this structure.

Vietnamese often leaves out the subject when it is already understood from context.

So:

• Càng học nhiếp ảnh, tôi càng biết điều chỉnh máy ảnh.

is understood as:

• Càng tôi học nhiếp ảnh, tôi càng biết điều chỉnh máy ảnh.

But Vietnamese does not normally say it that way. The subject is usually omitted in the first clause if it is obvious, and then stated once in the second clause.

This makes the sentence sound natural.

It is understandable, but it sounds less natural.

In Vietnamese, with càng ... càng ..., the first clause often leaves out the subject if it is the same as the one in the second clause.

So the more natural version is:

• Càng học nhiếp ảnh, tôi càng biết điều chỉnh máy ảnh.

That said, Vietnamese sometimes does repeat subjects for emphasis or clarity in other contexts, but here omission is the smoother choice.

Here biết means know how to.

In this sentence:

• biết điều chỉnh máy ảnh

means:

• know how to adjust the camera

This is a very common use of biết before a verb.

Compare:

• Tôi biết anh ấy.
  = I know him.

• Tôi biết bơi.
  = I know how to swim.

• Tôi biết điều chỉnh máy ảnh.
  = I know how to adjust the camera.

So biết + verb often means know how to do something.

Because Vietnamese does not need a separate word like English how in this structure.

English says:

• know how to adjust

Vietnamese says:

• biết điều chỉnh

So biết + verb already carries the meaning of know how to + verb.

This is very natural Vietnamese.

Học nhiếp ảnh means study photography or learn photography.

Vietnamese often puts học directly before the subject being studied:

• học tiếng Việt = study Vietnamese
• học toán = study math
• học nhiếp ảnh = study photography

You do not need a separate word for about here.

You may also hear:

• học về nhiếp ảnh = learn about photography

That version is also possible, but học nhiếp ảnh is shorter and very natural when talking about studying a subject or field.

Yes. Điều chỉnh máy ảnh literally means adjust the camera.

• điều chỉnh = adjust, fine-tune, set properly
• máy ảnh = camera

In context, this could mean adjusting settings such as:

• focus
• exposure
• shutter speed
• aperture
• ISO

So the sentence suggests growing skill in handling camera settings, not just physically moving the camera.

They are related words, but they mean different things:

• nhiếp ảnh = photography
• máy ảnh = camera

Even though both involve photography, they are not repetitive in Vietnamese:

• học nhiếp ảnh = study photography
• điều chỉnh máy ảnh = adjust the camera

So the sentence moves from learning the field in general to becoming able to handle the equipment better.

The comma is helpful because it separates the two parts of the càng ... càng ... structure:

• Càng học nhiếp ảnh, tôi càng biết điều chỉnh máy ảnh.

It makes the sentence easier to read and reflects a natural pause.

In casual writing, Vietnamese punctuation can be flexible, and you may sometimes see similar sentences without a comma. But using the comma here is good and clear.

It usually suggests a gradual increase.

Literally, càng biết is increasingly know / know more and more, but in natural English this often comes out better as:

• The more I study photography, the better I get at adjusting the camera.

So the Vietnamese emphasizes growing knowledge or ability over time, not a sudden moment of learning.

Yes, that is a very reasonable translation.

Because biết điều chỉnh can imply practical know-how, possible natural English translations include:

• The more I study photography, the more I know how to adjust the camera.
• The more I study photography, the better I get at adjusting the camera.
• The more I study photography, the better I understand how to adjust the camera.

The exact English wording can vary, but the Vietnamese structure stays the same.

Yes, it is natural and grammatically correct.

It sounds like something a learner, hobbyist, or photographer might say when talking about progress:

• learning photography more deeply
• gaining practical knowledge
• becoming more skilled with camera settings

A slightly smoother everyday variant could be:

• Càng học nhiếp ảnh, tôi càng biết cách điều chỉnh máy ảnh.

Here biết cách explicitly means know how / know the way to.

But your original sentence is already correct and natural.