У мене десять очок.

Ukrainian usually does not use a normal verb to have the way English does in simple sentences like this.

Instead, it often uses a possession pattern:

• у / в = at, by
• мене = me in the genitive case

So У мене десять очок is literally something like At me, ten points.

Natural English: I have ten points.

This is one of the most common Ukrainian patterns, and you will see it everywhere:

• У мене є час. = I have time.
• У нього машина. = He has a car.
• У нас проблема. = We have a problem.

Мене is the genitive form of я.

After the preposition у / в in this possession pattern, Ukrainian uses the genitive:

• я → у мене
• ти → у тебе
• він → у нього
• ми → у нас

So у мене is the correct form, not у я.

In the present tense, Ukrainian often leaves out є (is/are) in sentences like this.

So all of these are possible:

• У мене десять очок.
• У мене є десять очок.

The version without є is very common and natural.

You can think of the full underlying idea as:

• У мене є десять очок. = I have ten points.

But in everyday Ukrainian, є is often omitted when the meaning is clear.

Because after десять (ten), Ukrainian uses the genitive plural form of the noun.

The dictionary form is:

• очко = point (one point)

Its number forms are:

• одне очко = one point
• два / три / чотири очки = two / three / four points
• п’ять / десять очок = five / ten points

So:

• десять очок is correct

This is a very important Ukrainian number pattern:

• 1 → singular
• 2–4 → a special plural form
• 5 and up → genitive plural

The dictionary form is очко.

In this sentence, очок is just the form required after десять.

A useful mini-paradigm is:

• очко — one point
• очки — points (used after 2, 3, 4, and also as the normal nominative plural)
• очок — of points / points after 5+

So очок is not the basic form; it is a grammatical form of очко.

With this noun, the pattern looks like this:

• 1 → одне очко
• 2 → два очки
• 3 → три очки
• 4 → чотири очки
• 5+ → п’ять очок, десять очок, двадцять очок

And the same logic continues in larger numbers depending on the last relevant numeral:

• двадцять одне очко = 21 points
• двадцять два очки = 22 points
• двадцять п’ять очок = 25 points

This number pattern is one of the main things English speakers need to get used to in Ukrainian.

Yes. У мене and В мене both mean the same thing here.

Ukrainian often alternates у and в for euphony—that is, to make the sentence sound smoother.

So both are natural:

• У мене десять очок.
• В мене десять очок.

Usually the choice depends on surrounding sounds and speaking rhythm, not on meaning.

No, Ukrainian word order is fairly flexible.

The neutral, ordinary order here is:

• У мене десять очок.

But you can change the order for emphasis:

• Десять очок у мене.
  This sounds more marked and may emphasize ten points or contrast me with someone else.

You can also say:

• У мене є десять очок.

That can sound a little more explicit or emphatic, depending on context.

So the original sentence is the most neutral everyday version.

A simple approximate guide is:

• У = oo
• мене = meh-NEH
• десять = DEH-syat’
• очок = o-CHOK

Approximate whole sentence:

oo meh-NEH DEH-syat’ o-CHOK

Stress:

• менЕ
• дЕсять
• очОк

One extra detail: the final ть in десять is soft, so it is not a hard English t.

Yes, extremely common.

The pattern у/в + person in genitive + thing possessed is one of the core structures of everyday Ukrainian.

You can use it with all kinds of nouns:

• У мене брат. = I have a brother.
• У мене машина. = I have a car.
• У мене ідея. = I have an idea.
• У мене десять очок. = I have ten points.

So this sentence is not a special exception—it is a very typical Ukrainian way to express possession.