Моя пральна машина часто ламається.

Because машина is a feminine singular noun in Ukrainian, and the possessive word my has to agree with it.

• masculine: мій
• feminine: моя
• neuter: моє

So:

• мій телефон = my phone
• моя машина = my machine/car
• моє місто = my city

Since пральна машина is feminine, моя is the correct form.

For the same reason: adjectives must agree with the noun they describe.

Машина is:

• feminine
• singular
• nominative

So the adjective also takes the feminine singular nominative ending:

• пральний = masculine
• пральна = feminine
• пральне = neuter

So пральна машина literally means washing machine, with пральна meaning something like washing / laundry-related.

Literally, it means washing machine.

It is made of:

• прати = to wash laundry
• пральна = washing / laundry-related
• машина = machine

So пральна машина is the normal standard way to say washing machine.

It can mean both, depending on context.

Very often in everyday Ukrainian, машина means car. But in combinations like:

• пральна машина = washing machine
• швейна машина = sewing machine

it clearly means machine.

So context tells you which meaning is intended.

Here ламається means breaks down or stops working properly, not usually is being physically snapped in two.

So:

• Моя пральна машина часто ламається. = My washing machine often breaks down.

With appliances and machines, ламатися / зламатися is the normal verb for to break down.

The -ся ending is very common in Ukrainian and often makes the verb reflexive or changes the meaning of the base verb.

Here:

• ламати = to break something
• ламатися = to break, to get broken, to break down

So:

• Я ламаю стілець. = I am breaking the chair.
• Стілець ламається. = The chair is breaking / breaks.

In your sentence, ламається is the natural form because the washing machine is the thing that breaks down.

It is present tense, 3rd person singular.

The base verb is ламатися.
Present-tense form:

• він / вона / воно ламається = he/she/it breaks, is breaking

In this sentence, the present tense is used for a habitual action, just like in English:

• My washing machine often breaks down.

So it is not talking about one single moment right now; it means this happens repeatedly.

Часто means often, and putting it before the verb is very normal and natural:

• Моя пральна машина часто ламається.

This is similar to English often breaks down.

Ukrainian word order is fairly flexible, so you may also hear other orders, such as:

• Моя пральна машина ламається часто.

But the version with часто before the verb is the most neutral here.

Yes. Ukrainian word order is more flexible than English, because endings carry a lot of grammatical information.

The most neutral order is:

• Моя пральна машина часто ламається.

But you could also say:

• Часто моя пральна машина ламається.
• Моя пральна машина ламається часто.

These are all understandable, but they may shift emphasis slightly.

• starting with часто emphasizes frequency
• ending with часто can sound a little more marked
• the original sentence sounds the most standard and neutral

Because Ukrainian does not use articles like English a/an/the.

So моя пральна машина simply means my washing machine, and the context tells you whether something is definite or indefinite.

This is normal in Ukrainian:

• Я бачу будинок. = I see a/the house.
• Моя пральна машина = my washing machine

You do not need to add anything for the.

Ламатися is imperfective.

That matters because the sentence describes something that happens repeatedly or habitually:

• часто ламається = often breaks down

For repeated actions, Ukrainian normally uses the imperfective.

The perfective partner is usually зламатися = to break down, to become broken once / completely.

Compare:

• Моя пральна машина часто ламається. = My washing machine often breaks down.
• Моя пральна машина зламалася. = My washing machine broke down.

So the imperfective is exactly right in your sentence.

You just put не before the verb:

• Моя пральна машина не ламається. = My washing machine does not break down.

If you want to keep often, then:

• Моя пральна машина не часто ламається. = My washing machine does not break down often.

This is a very common negation pattern in Ukrainian.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

mo-YA pral-NA ma-SHY-na CHAS-to la-MA-yet-sya

A few useful stress points:

• моя́
• пра́льна
• маши́на
• ча́сто
• лама́ється

A couple of pronunciation notes:

• льн in пральна is a soft consonant cluster
• ся in ламається is pronounced together with the verb ending
• г is not in this sentence, so you do not have to worry about it here

Yes. In casual speech, people may say пралка.

So you might hear:

• Моя пралка часто ламається.

That is more informal, like saying something a bit more casual in English.
The full form пральна машина is the standard and safest one for learners to use.