Касирка швидко дала мені решту.

Касирка means female cashier.

In Ukrainian, many nouns referring to people show gender.

• касир = a male cashier or a gender-neutral cashier in some contexts
• касирка = a female cashier

So the sentence specifically tells you the cashier was a woman.

This also affects the verb form later in the sentence: дала is feminine past tense, matching касирка.

In the past tense, Ukrainian verbs agree with gender and number.

The infinitive is дати = to give.

Past tense forms:

• дав = he gave
• дала = she gave
• дало = it gave
• дали = they gave

Since касирка is feminine singular, the correct form is дала.

So:

• Касирка дала = The female cashier gave

Мені is the dative case form of я = I.

It means to me.

With verbs like дати (to give), Ukrainian usually works like this:

• the person receiving something goes in the dative
• the thing being given goes in the accusative

So in this sentence:

• мені = to me → dative
• решту = the change → accusative

This is very similar to English gave me the change, where me is the receiver.

Решта is the dictionary form, but here the word is the direct object of the verb дала, so it takes the accusative case.

For this noun:

• решта = nominative
• решту = accusative

So:

• решта = the change / the remainder as the subject form
• дала решту = gave the change

In everyday Ukrainian, решта often means change in a shopping context, as in the money returned after payment.

It can mean both, depending on context.

The basic idea of решта is the rest / the remainder.
But in everyday shopping language, решта commonly means change.

So in a sentence with a cashier, дала мені решту naturally means gave me my change.

Sometimes learners expect a more literal money-related word, but Ukrainian often just uses решта in this situation.

Швидко is an adverb, meaning quickly.

It comes from the adjective:

• швидкий = quick, fast

Adverbs often describe how an action happens:

• дала швидко = gave quickly

So:

• швидка касирка = a quick female cashier → adjective describing a noun
• касирка швидко дала = the cashier quickly gave → adverb describing the verb

Yes. Ukrainian word order is more flexible than English because the case endings show the grammatical roles.

The neutral version here is:

• Касирка швидко дала мені решту.

But you could also hear:

• Касирка дала мені решту швидко.
• Мені касирка швидко дала решту.
• Решту мені касирка дала швидко.

These versions all keep roughly the same basic meaning, but the emphasis changes.

For example:

• starting with мені can emphasize to me
• starting with решту can emphasize the change
• placing швидко in different spots can shift focus slightly onto the speed

English usually relies more on word order; Ukrainian relies more on endings plus word order for emphasis.

Yes, дала мені means gave to me.

In this sentence, мені already tells you the recipient. The thing being given is решту.

So the pattern is:

• дала = gave
• мені = to me
• решту = the change

You could replace решту with a pronoun in other contexts, but here решту is the natural full noun.

Unlike English, Ukrainian does not need a separate word like to before мені because the dative ending already carries that meaning.

Yes. Дати is a perfective verb.

That means it presents the action as a completed whole: the cashier gave you the change as a finished event.

Its imperfective partner is usually давати:

• дала from дати = she gave / a completed act
• давала from давати = she was giving / she used to give / she gave repeatedly, depending on context

In this sentence, a completed one-time action is exactly what you want, so дала is the natural choice.

Ukrainian does not have articles like English a, an, and the.

So:

• касирка can mean a cashier or the cashier
• решту can mean change / the change

The exact meaning is understood from context.

In this sentence, English would normally translate it as The cashier quickly gave me the change or A female cashier quickly gave me the change, depending on the situation.

A careful pronunciation guide with stress is:

• каси́рка
• шви́дко
• дала́
• мені́
• ре́шту

So the full sentence is pronounced roughly as:

каси́рка шви́дко дала́ мені́ ре́шту

A very rough English-style approximation:

• ka-SEER-ka SHVYD-ko da-LA me-NEE RESH-tu

A few notes:

• и in швидко is not exactly English i; it is a central vowel
• шв at the start of швидко may feel hard for English speakers
• stress matters in Ukrainian and can change from word to word unpredictably, so it is worth learning with each word

Yes. If the cashier were male, you would say:

Касир швидко дав мені решту.

Changes:

• касирка → касир
• дала → дав

That is because the noun changes gender, and the past tense verb must agree with it.

Everything else stays the same:

• швидко = quickly
• мені = to me
• решту = the change

It can, but it usually does not need to.

In a shopping situation, дала мені решту already clearly means gave me my change.
The dative мені makes it obvious who received it, so possession is understood from context.

Using мою would usually sound more marked or emphatic:

• дала мені мою решту = gave me my change

That is grammatically possible, but normally unnecessary.