Вона шукає свій гаманець у сумці.

Because свій is the reflexive possessive adjective, and Ukrainian normally uses it when the possessor is the same as the subject of the sentence.

Here, the subject is вона (she), and the wallet belongs to that same person, so свій гаманець means her own wallet.

• Вона шукає свій гаманець = She is looking for her own wallet.
• Вона шукає її гаманець would usually sound like She is looking for her wallet where her refers to some other female person, not the subject.

So свій is the natural choice here.

It is in the accusative case, but for many masculine inanimate nouns, the accusative singular looks exactly the same as the nominative singular.

• Nominative: гаманець
• Accusative: гаманець

Since шукати takes a direct object, гаманець is in the accusative here.

This is a very common pattern in Ukrainian:

• Я бачу стіл = I see a table
• Вона шукає гаманець = She is looking for a wallet

Because гаманець is masculine and inanimate, its accusative form does not visibly change here.

Because у сумці means in the bag, and after у / в when talking about location, Ukrainian usually uses the locative case.

The noun is:

• dictionary form: сумка = bag

Its locative singular is:

• у сумці = in the bag

So:

• у сумці = location, where something is happening

Compare:

• у сумці = in the bag
• у сумку = into the bag

That second one uses the accusative and suggests movement into the bag.

Шукає is the 3rd person singular present tense form of шукати (to look for).

So:

• я шукаю = I am looking for
• ти шукаєш = you are looking for
• вона шукає = she is looking for

Ukrainian does not have a separate form exactly like the English present continuous is looking. The present tense form шукає can cover both:

• she looks for
• she is looking for

The exact meaning depends on context. In this sentence, English usually translates it as is looking for.

In normal interpretation, у сумці tells you the place where she is searching: in the bag.

So the sentence means she is searching inside the bag for her wallet.

In practice, that also strongly suggests the wallet is expected to be there, but grammatically the phrase modifies the searching situation: she is searching in the bag.

If you want to think of it naturally in English, it is:

• She is looking for her wallet in the bag.

Yes. Ukrainian word order is much more flexible than English word order because case endings show the grammatical roles.

The neutral order here is:

• Вона шукає свій гаманець у сумці.

But other orders are possible for emphasis:

• У сумці вона шукає свій гаманець.
  Emphasizes in the bag.

• Свій гаманець вона шукає у сумці.
  Emphasizes her wallet.

The meaning stays basically the same, but the focus changes. English usually cannot do this so freely without sounding unusual.

Here у and в mean the same thing. Ukrainian often alternates between them for euphony—to make pronunciation smoother.

So both of these are possible:

• у сумці
• в сумці

Speakers choose the form that sounds better in context, especially to avoid awkward clusters of consonants or vowels.

So in this sentence, у is not a different word from в in meaning. It is just the smoother-sounding choice.

Because adjectives and possessive words in Ukrainian must agree with the noun they describe in gender, number, and case.

Here:

• гаманець is masculine singular
• it is in the accusative, but for this noun the accusative looks like the nominative
• so свій also appears in the matching masculine singular form

That is why you get:

• свій гаманець

If the noun changed, свій would change too:

• своя сумка = one’s own bag
• свої ключі = one’s own keys

So свій is not fixed; it changes to match the noun.

Because Ukrainian has no articles like English a/an and the.

So Ukrainian simply says:

• гаманець = wallet / the wallet / a wallet

The exact interpretation comes from context.

In this sentence, the possessive свій already makes the noun specific:

• свій гаманець = her own wallet

So even without an article, the meaning is naturally definite.

Yes, сумка can mean different kinds of bags depending on context.

It can be:

• a bag
• a handbag
• sometimes a purse-type bag

So у сумці could be understood as:

• in the bag
• in her bag
• possibly in her purse/handbag, depending on the situation

The exact English translation depends on what kind of bag is meant in context.