Мій дідусь носить окуляри, коли читає газету.

Because мій has to agree with дідусь in gender, number, and case.

• дідусь is masculine
• singular
• nominative case here, because it is the subject

So the correct form is мій дідусь = my grandfather / my grandpa.

Compare:

• мій брат = my brother
• моя сестра = my sister
• моє місто = my city
• мої друзі = my friends

Дідусь means grandfather or grandpa. It is a warm, natural word and often feels more affectionate than a more blunt form like дід.

So in many contexts:

• дідусь = grandpa / grandfather
• дід = old man / grandfather, but can sound rougher or more colloquial depending on context

In this sentence, мій дідусь sounds completely normal and natural.

Because окуляри is normally used in the plural, just like English glasses.

So:

• окуляри = glasses
• not usually singular in ordinary speech

Even though the noun is plural, the verb is still носить because the subject is мій дідусь, not окуляри.

So the structure is:

• Мій дідусь = subject
• носить окуляри = wears glasses

Because газету is the accusative case, which is used for the direct object of читає (reads).

The dictionary form is:

• газета = newspaper

But after a verb like читати (to read), you need the object in the accusative:

• читати газету = to read a newspaper / the newspaper

For many feminine nouns ending in -а, the accusative singular changes to -у:

• книга → книгу
• газета → газету
• машина → машину

Because Ukrainian often omits subject pronouns when the meaning is already clear from the verb form or context.

In English, you usually need he reads. In Ukrainian, the verb form itself often gives enough information, and the subject has already been stated:

• Мій дідусь носить окуляри, коли читає газету.

The understood subject of читає is still мій дідусь.

You could say коли він читає газету, but it is often unnecessary here.

Коли means when here.

It introduces a subordinate clause:

• коли читає газету = when he reads the newspaper

So the sentence structure is:

• main clause: Мій дідусь носить окуляри
• subordinate clause: коли читає газету

Also notice the comma before коли. In Ukrainian, subordinate clauses like this are normally separated by a comma.

Because Ukrainian present tense can describe habitual or regular actions, just like English present simple.

So this sentence does not only mean something happening right now. It means a general habit:

• Мій дідусь носить окуляри, коли читає газету.
• My grandfather wears glasses when he reads the newspaper.

Both verbs are imperfective present tense, which fits repeated or habitual actions well.

Because носити means to wear in the sense of having something on regularly or for some time.

For glasses, clothes, shoes, and similar things, носити is the normal verb for wear:

• носити окуляри = wear glasses
• носити пальто = wear a coat

A different verb like одягати / надягати is more about putting something on, not simply wearing it.

So here:

• носить окуляри = wears glasses
• not puts on glasses

Ukrainian word order is fairly flexible, though some orders sound more neutral than others.

The given sentence is natural and neutral:

• Мій дідусь носить окуляри, коли читає газету.

You could also say:

• Коли мій дідусь читає газету, він носить окуляри.

That means essentially the same thing, but the emphasis shifts a little. Starting with коли... puts more focus on the time/situation.

So yes, the order can change, but the original version is a very normal one.

By default, the subject is understood to be the same as in the main clause unless something else is added.

So in:

• Мій дідусь носить окуляри, коли читає газету.

the person reading the newspaper is also мій дідусь.

If you wanted a different subject, Ukrainian would usually make that explicit, for example:

• Мій дідусь носить окуляри, коли бабуся читає газету. = My grandfather wears glasses when Grandma reads the newspaper.

Without a new subject, the natural assumption is that grandpa is the one reading.

Yes. Ukrainian has no articles like a and the, so газету can mean either:

• a newspaper
• the newspaper

The exact meaning depends on context.

So this sentence could be understood as:

• My grandfather wears glasses when he reads the newspaper.
• My grandfather wears glasses when he reads a newspaper.

In real context, listeners usually understand which one is meant.

Here are the main dictionary forms:

• мій = my
• дідусь = grandfather / grandpa
• носити = to wear, carry
• окуляри = glasses
• коли = when
• читати = to read
• газета = newspaper

The forms in the sentence are inflected:

• мій stays мій
• дідусь stays дідусь
• носить = 3rd person singular present of носити
• окуляри is the plural noun form
• читає = 3rd person singular present of читати
• газету = accusative singular of газета

Most naturally, it describes a habit or usual situation.

• Мій дідусь носить окуляри, коли читає газету. = My grandfather wears glasses when he reads the newspaper.

This sounds like something he normally does whenever he reads.

That habitual meaning comes from:

• the present tense
• the conjunction коли = when
• the use of imperfective verbs: носить, читає

So the sentence is best understood as a general routine, not one single event.