Breakdown of Її капюшон захищає від морозу та вітру.
та
and
вітер
the wind
її
her
від
from
капюшон
the hood
захищати
to protect
мороз
the frost
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Questions & Answers about Її капюшон захищає від морозу та вітру.
What does the possessive її do here, and does it change form?
її means her (and can also mean its if the possessor is a feminine noun). It is indeclinable: it never changes for case, gender, or number. The following noun takes the case: її капюшон, її куртка, її рукавички.
How do I pronounce the sentence?
- Її: yee-YEE (two syllables; stress usually on the second)
- капюшон: kah-pyu-SHON (stress on the last syllable)
- захищає: za-khy-shCHA-ye (letter щ = sh+ch; stress on -ща-)
- від: vid
- морозу: mo-RO-zu
- та: ta
- вітру: VEE-tru (stress on the first syllable) Together: yee-YEE kah-pyu-SHON za-khy-shCHA-ye vid mo-RO-zu ta VEE-tru.
Why is the verb захищає singular?
Because the subject капюшон (hood) is singular. Present-tense conjugation of захищати (to protect): я захищаю, ти захищаєш, він/вона/воно захищає, ми захищаємо, ви захищаєте, вони захищають.
Which case follows від, and is that why we see морозу and вітру?
Yes. від takes the genitive case. Base forms: мороз, вітер. Genitive singular: морозу, вітру. That’s why the endings are -у here.
Why is the genitive ending -у (as in морозу) and not -а?
For many masculine nouns, both -а and -у are possible in the genitive singular, but usage depends on meaning and convention. Abstract or mass/phenomenon meanings often favor -у. With weather/phenomena, від морозу is the standard choice. For вітер, the genitive is fixed as вітру.
Why is та used instead of і for and?
та and і both mean and. та is a stylistic/euphonic alternative often used to avoid repetitive i-sounds or just for variety. You could also say …від морозу і вітру with no change in meaning. Another variant is й (a short form of і).
Do I need to repeat від before the second noun?
No. It’s normal to say від морозу та вітру once. Repeating it (від морозу та від вітру) is also correct but adds emphasis or a slightly more formal tone.
Can I say від холоду instead of від морозу?
Yes, but the nuance differs:
- мороз = frost/freezing conditions (specifically sub-zero).
- холод = cold (general). If you want general cold, від холоду works; if you want freezing weather, від морозу is better.
What’s the difference between Її капюшон захищає… and Капюшон захищає її…?
- Її капюшон захищає… = Her hood protects (from…).
- Капюшон захищає її… = The hood protects her (from…). Here її is the object her, not a possessive determiner.
Could I say Капюшон її захищає від… instead?
Yes. Капюшон її… (hood of hers) is possible and slightly emphasizes the owner or sounds a bit more formal/poetic. The default neutral order is її капюшон….
Does її change in the plural (e.g., her hoods)?
No. It stays її: її капюшони захищають від морозу та вітру (note the plural noun and plural verb).
What aspect/tense is захищає? How would I say a completed action?
захищає is present tense of the imperfective verb захищати (expresses ongoing/general action). For a single, completed act you’d use the perfective захистити: e.g., він/вона/воно захистить (will protect, as a single completed event).
How do I pronounce the letter щ in захищає and the letter є?
- щ = shch (a blended sound; say sh + ch quickly).
- є at the start of a syllable = ye (as in yes). In …-яє, you’ll hear -ya-ye with the stress on the preceding syllable: zakhysh-CHÁ-ye.
Is капюшон the only word for hood?
капюшон is the most common. каптур also exists (more stylistic/archaic/regional). In modern everyday speech for clothing, капюшон is standard.
Can її refer to an inanimate feminine possessor (its)?
Yes. If you previously mentioned a feminine noun (e.g., куртка jacket), її капюшон can mean the jacket’s hood (its hood). Context decides whether її is her or its.