Ця людина сумлінна та доброзичлива.

This person is diligent and friendly.

Breakdown of Ця людина сумлінна та доброзичлива.

• та: and
• ця: this
• людина: the person
• сумлінний: diligent
• доброзичливий: friendly

Questions & Answers about Ця людина сумлінна та доброзичлива.

Why is there no verb for “is” in this sentence?

In Ukrainian, the present‐tense copula (є) is normally omitted. So Ця людина (є) сумлінна та доброзичлива literally means This person is conscientious and friendly, even though є doesn’t appear.

What does ця mean, and why is it ця instead of цей or це?

ця is the feminine singular nominative form of the demonstrative pronoun meaning this. It agrees in gender, number and case with людина (a feminine noun in the nominative).

What part of speech is людина, and what case is it in?

людина is a feminine noun meaning person. Here it’s in the nominative singular, serving as the subject of the sentence.

Why do сумлінна and доброзичлива end with -на and -ва?

These are adjectives in the feminine singular nominative form. Ukrainian adjectives must agree with the noun they modify.

• сумлінна is the feminine form of сумлінний
• доброзичлива is the feminine form of доброзичливий

Why are the adjectives placed after the noun instead of before?

When an adjective functions as a predicate (describing X is Y), it follows the noun and the linking verb is dropped in the present tense. Hence Ця людина сумлінна та доброзичлива.

Why is there no comma between сумлінна and доброзичлива?

When two adjectives are joined by the conjunction та, no comma is used; the conjunction itself connects them.

Can I use і instead of та? What’s the difference?

Yes, і also means and. та often carries a subtle nuance of and also or adds emphasis.

• сумлінна і доброзичлива (neutral “and”)
• сумлінна та доброзичлива (slightly more emphatic “and also”)

How do you pronounce сумлінна and доброзичлива? Where is the stress?

• сумлінна: stress on the second syllable – сумлÍнна
• доброзичлива: stress on the fourth syllable – доброзичлÍва

What exactly do сумлінна and доброзичлива mean?

• сумлінна – conscientious, diligent, responsible
• доброзичлива – kind, friendly, benevolent

Why does сумлінна have two н, while доброзичлива has only one?

The difference comes from their formation:

• сумлінна ← сумлінний has the suffix -нний, so it retains нн
• доброзичлива ← доброзичливий has the suffix -ливий, which uses only one л and hence one н in the adjective form.