Learn Hardcore Ukrainian: Після того як я прокидаюся вранці, я їм сніданок. - After I wake up in the morning, I eat breakfast.

It translates to "after" in English and functions as a subordinating conjunction that introduces a time clause. It tells us that one action (waking up) happens before another (eating breakfast).

Why is the subject я repeated in both parts of the sentence?

In Ukrainian, each clause typically has its own explicit subject. The first я belongs to the subordinate clause (Після того як я прокидаюся вранці), and the second я is the subject of the main clause (я їм сніданок). This repetition clearly indicates who is performing the actions in each clause.

What does прокидаюся mean, and why does it end with ся?

Прокидаюся means "I wake up." The ending ся is a reflexive suffix, indicating that the subject is performing the action on themselves—this is common in Ukrainian when describing daily routines or actions that happen to the subject.

How is the verb їсти (to eat) correctly conjugated in this sentence?

In this sentence, їм is the first-person singular present tense form of їсти. It means "I eat" and is used here to state a habitual action following waking up.

What role does сніданок play in the sentence, and what case is it in?

Сніданок means "breakfast" and functions as the direct object of the verb їм. Since it is a masculine inanimate noun, its nominative and accusative forms are identical. Even though it looks like the subject form, here it is understood to be in the accusative case, serving as the object of the eating action.

Why is there a comma after вранці?

The comma separates the subordinate clause (Після того як я прокидаюся вранці) from the main clause (я їм сніданок). According to Ukrainian punctuation rules, a comma is required to mark the boundary between a dependent clause and the main clause in a complex sentence.