Elon.io is an online learning platform
We have an entire course teaching Ukrainian grammar and vocabulary.
Questions & Answers about Петро підписав документ.
What is the subject of the sentence and how is it identified in Ukrainian?
The subject is Петро. In Ukrainian, proper names in the nominative case placed at the beginning of the sentence usually serve as the subject, indicating who is performing the action.
How is the past tense expressed in the verb підписав, and what does it reveal about the action?
The verb підписав is in the past tense and in its perfective form. This tells us that the action of signing was completed. Additionally, its form—ending in -ав—indicates that it is masculine, aligning with the subject Петро.
What does the perfective aspect of підписав signify in this context?
The perfective aspect, as shown in підписав, signifies that the action (signing the document) was completed. In Ukrainian, perfective verbs are used when referring to actions that have been finished, in contrast to the imperfective aspect, which would imply an ongoing or habitual action.
What grammatical role does документ play in the sentence, and why does its form remain unchanged?
Документ functions as the direct object of the sentence, receiving the action of being signed. Since it is an inanimate noun, its accusative form is identical to its nominative form, which is why it appears unchanged.
Why does the verb use the form підписав instead of one that would correspond to a feminine subject?
In Ukrainian, past tense verbs agree in gender with their subject. The form підписав is masculine and is used because the subject Петро is masculine. If the subject were feminine, the verb would change to підписала to match the gender.