Breakdown of Цей маршрут веде до мальовничого озера серед лісу.
до
to
ліс
the forest
озеро
the lake
цей
this
маршрут
the route
вести
to lead
мальовничий
scenic
серед
among
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Questions & Answers about Цей маршрут веде до мальовничого озера серед лісу.
Why is the noun phrase мальовничого озера in the genitive case?
The preposition до (“to”) requires the following noun to be in the genitive case to indicate direction or destination. In this sentence, озера (lake) is in the genitive singular to show that the route leads to that specific lake. The adjective мальовничого (“picturesque”) is also declined to the genitive singular to agree with озера.
Why does the adjective мальовничого have a different ending than its nominative form мальовниче?
Ukrainian adjectives must agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case. While the nominative neuter form of мальовничий is мальовниче, here the noun озера is in the genitive case because of the preposition до. Therefore, the adjective is also declined to the genitive singular form, becoming мальовничого.
What is the function of the phrase серед лісу in the sentence, and why is лісу in the genitive?
The phrase серед лісу acts as an adverbial modifier indicating location – it means “in the middle of the forest.” The preposition серед (“among” or “in the midst of”) requires its noun to be in the genitive case. Thus, ліс (forest) changes to лісу to conform to that rule.
How is the subject Цей маршрут constructed, and what can we learn about demonstrative adjectives from it?
The subject Цей маршрут (“this route”) consists of the demonstrative adjective цей (“this”) and the noun маршрут (“route”). Since маршрут is a masculine noun in the nominative singular, the adjective цей appears in its masculine nominative singular form. This demonstrates that adjectives in Ukrainian must agree with their nouns in gender, number, and case.
What does the verb веде convey in this sentence, and how does it agree with its subject?
The verb веде is the third person singular present tense form of вести (“to lead”). It indicates the action performed by the subject (маршрут). Because маршрут is singular, the singular form веде is used, ensuring proper subject-verb agreement in the sentence.