Восени я гуляю з друзями.

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Breakdown of Восени я гуляю з друзями.

• друг: the friend
• гуляти: to walk
• з: with
• восени: in autumn

Questions & Answers about Восени я гуляю з друзями.

What does Восени mean in this sentence?

Восени is an adverbial form that means “in autumn”. It tells you when the action happens—during the autumn season.

How is Восени formed, and why doesn't it use a preposition plus case like other time expressions?

In Ukrainian, some seasonal expressions are formed as fixed adverbs. Instead of saying “в осені” (which would literally combine the preposition в and the noun осінь in a case form), the language uses Восени as an integrated adverbial form. This is similar to other Ukrainian time adverbs such as весною (in spring), влітку (in summer), and взимку (in winter).

What is the meaning and grammatical role of гуляю in this sentence?

Гуляю is the first person singular present tense of the verb гуляти, which means “to walk” or “to stroll”. It indicates that the speaker regularly or currently engages in walking, especially during autumn as indicated by Восени.

Why is the phrase з друзями used, and what grammatical case does it involve?

The phrase з друзями means “with friends”. The preposition з (meaning “with”) requires the instrumental case in Ukrainian. Thus, друзями is the instrumental plural form of друг (friend).

Why is the subject я explicitly stated even though the verb гуляю already implies who is doing the action?

Although the verb гуляю is inflected for the first person singular, Ukrainian often includes the subject explicitly (in this case, я meaning “I”) for clarity, emphasis, or to avoid ambiguity. This is especially helpful for beginners to clearly identify who is performing the action.