Rüzgarda uçan yapraklar koltuğun üzerine düşüyor.

The leaves flying in the wind are falling onto the sofa.

Breakdown of Rüzgarda uçan yapraklar koltuğun üzerine düşüyor.

• yaprak: the leaf
• uçan: flying
• düşmek: to fall
• rüzgarda: in the wind
• koltuk: the sofa
• üzerine: onto

Questions & Answers about Rüzgarda uçan yapraklar koltuğun üzerine düşüyor.

What does rüzgarda mean and why is the suffix -da used here?

rüzgar means wind. The suffix -da is the locative case ending, indicating “in” or “at” a place. So rüzgarda literally means “in the wind,” conveying where the leaves are flying.

What is uçan in rüzgarda uçan yapraklar?

uçan comes from the verb uçmak (to fly).
• uç- is the verb stem.
• -an is the participle/adjective-forming suffix (present-participle).
Together uç-an means “flying.” So rüzgarda uçan yapraklar = “the leaves flying in the wind.”

Why is yapraklar plural, and how is that formed?

yaprak means leaf. To make it plural, Turkish adds the suffix -lar or -ler (depending on vowel harmony). Here:
• yaprak + -lar → yapraklar = “leaves.”
Since multiple leaves are falling, the plural suffix is required on the subject.

Why do we say koltuğun üzerine instead of koltuk üzerine?

koltuğun uses the genitive (possessive) case -un on koltuk (armchair). In Turkish, when you relate one noun to another via a postposition like üzerine (onto), the first noun usually takes the genitive.
• koltuk + -un → koltuğun (“of the armchair”)
• + üzerine → “onto the armchair’s top.”
Without -un, the relationship is less specific and feels ungrammatical here.

What exactly is üzerine doing in this sentence?

üzerine is a directional postposition meaning “onto” or “on top of.” It attaches to a noun in genitive form (here koltuğun) and shows where something lands or is placed.
• koltuğun üzerine = “onto the armchair.”

Why is the verb düşüyor in this particular form?

düşüyor is the present-continuous form of düşmek (to fall). It breaks down as:
• düş- (stem “fall”)
• -üyor (progressive aspect suffix, here vowel-harmonized)
• no separate personal ending in third person singular (the suffix carries the person).
So düşüyor = “is falling” or “fall (continually).”

There’s no “the” or “a” in this sentence. Why?

Turkish doesn’t use indefinite or definite articles like “a” or “the.”
• Definiteness is often implied by context or by case endings (e.g., the accusative can mark definiteness on objects).
• Here, case marking and word order give enough information without articles.

Why does the verb come at the end of the sentence?

Turkish has a basic Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order. In your sentence:

1. Rüzgarda uçan yapraklar (Subject)
2. koltuğun üzerine (Adverbial phrase / “onto the armchair”)
3. düşüyor (Verb)
   Putting the verb last is normal in Turkish sentences.

Could we say koltuğun üstüne instead of koltuğun üzerine?

Yes. üst (top) and üzer (surface) both work with -üne/​-üne to form a postposition. So:
• koltuğun üstüne (“onto the armchair”)
• koltuğun üzerine (“onto the armchair”)
Both are correct; üstüne is more everyday, üzerine slightly more formal or literary.