Learn Hardcore Turkish: Teslimat sürecinde yaşanan gecikme, müşteri memnuniyetini olumsuz etkiledi. - The delay in the delivery process negatively affected customer satisfaction.

sürecinde is in the locative case (“in the process”). You start with süreç (“process”), add the 3rd person singular possessive suffix -i → süreci (“its process”), then attach the buffer -n plus the case ending -de → sürecinde, meaning “in the process.”

Why is yaşanan placed before gecikme, and how does that participle work?

yaşanan is the past participle of yaşamak (“to experience/occur”). As a participle it forms a relative clause: “yaşanan gecikme” means “the delay that occurred/was experienced.” In Turkish you can use participles like adjectives to modify nouns directly.

Could I say Teslimat sürecindeki gecikme instead of Teslimat sürecinde yaşanan gecikme?

Yes, Teslimat sürecindeki gecikme is also correct and concise. Here -ki turns süreç into an adjectival locator (“in the process”), so sürecindeki = “that is in the process.” Both forms mean roughly the same, but yaşanan emphasizes “that actually happened/was experienced,” while -ki is more neutral.

Which part of the sentence is the subject and which is the object?

The subject is the entire phrase “Teslimat sürecinde yaşanan gecikme” (“the delay that occurred in the delivery process”), in the nominative. The object is “müşteri memnuniyetini” (“customer satisfaction”), marked by the accusative suffix -ni because it’s a definite object.

Why is müşteri memnuniyetini in the accusative case (with -ni)?

Because Turkish marks definite (specific) direct objects with the accusative suffix. müşteri memnuniyeti means “customer satisfaction” in a general sense, but müşteri memnuniyetini (“the customer satisfaction”) is a definite object of etkiledi (“affected”).

What’s the difference between müşteri memnuniyeti and müşterinin memnuniyeti?

müşteri memnuniyeti is a noun-noun compound meaning “customer satisfaction” in general. müşterinin memnuniyeti uses the genitive-possessive structure (“the satisfaction of the customer”), stressing that it belongs to a particular customer (müşterinin = “of the customer,” memnuniyeti = “his/her satisfaction”).

What role does olumsuz play in the sentence?

olumsuz literally is an adjective meaning “negative,” but here it functions adverbially to qualify the verb etkiledi, so olumsuz etkiledi = “negatively affected.”

What tense and person is the verb etkiledi, and how is that past tense formed?

etkiledi is the simple past, 3rd person singular form of etkilemek (“to affect”). You take the stem etkile-, add the past tense suffix -di (which becomes -di by vowel harmony), yielding etkiledi. Third-person singular doesn’t require an extra personal ending.

Why is there a comma after gecikme, and what does it separate?

The comma separates the subject phrase “Teslimat sürecinde yaşanan gecikme” from the rest of the sentence for clarity. It marks the end of a long noun phrase before moving on to the object and verb.

Why isn’t there a genitive or possessive suffix on teslimat in teslimat süreci?

In Turkish you can form noun-noun compounds by simply placing the modifier first. teslimat süreci = “delivery process”. There’s no need for teslimatın süreci, though that alternative (using genitive + possessive) is also grammatically correct and would mean “the process of the delivery.”