Ekonomik ambargo uygulandığından beri ithalat-ihracat dengesi değişmiş.

Since the economic embargo has been imposed, the import-export balance has apparently changed.

Breakdown of Ekonomik ambargo uygulandığından beri ithalat-ihracat dengesi değişmiş.

• değişmek: to change
• ekonomik: economic
• uygulamak: to apply
• beri: since
• ambargo: the embargo
• -dığından: since
• ithalat-ihracat dengesi: the import-export balance

Questions & Answers about Ekonomik ambargo uygulandığından beri ithalat-ihracat dengesi değişmiş.

What is the meaning and formation of uygulandığından beri?

uygulandığından beri means “ever since it was implemented.”
It breaks down into three parts:

1. uygulandığı – the passive participle of uygulamak (“to apply”), meaning “that it has been applied.”
2. -ndan – the ablative case ending, “from.”
3. beri – a postposition meaning “since.”
   Put together, uygulandığından beri = “from the time it was applied” (i.e. “since it was implemented”).

Why do we need -ndan before beri? Could we say uygulandığı beri?

In Turkish, beri never stands alone; it always attaches to a noun or nominalized clause in the ablative case:
• noun + -dan/den + beri = “since (that noun/event).”
So you cannot drop -ndan. You need the chain: uygulandığı + -ndan + beri.
Without -ndan, beri would have no “starting point” and the phrase would be ungrammatical.

What does the hyphen in ithalat-ihracat signify?

The hyphen here shows that ithalat (“import”) and ihracat (“export”) form a tight compound, “import-export.”
• It links two equally ranked nouns.
• You could write “ithalat ihracat dengesi”, but the hyphen makes the pairing clear and prevents a reader from parsing ithalat as a separate element with its own suffixes.

Why is there a -si on denge in dengesi?

-si is the third-person singular possessive suffix, so denge-si means “its balance.”
Here the full phrase ithalat-ihracat dengesi literally means “the import-export balance.”
No extra article is needed in Turkish; the suffix itself marks “the balance of imports and exports.”

What does the -miş in değişmiş express?

The suffix -miş is the evidential past in Turkish. It indicates:
• The speaker did not directly witness the event (hearsay, inference).
• The change happened at an unspecified time before now.
If you used değişti (simple past), you’d sound like you witnessed or are certain about the change.

Is there an explicit subject in ithalat-ihracat dengesi değişmiş? Why no pronoun?

No separate pronoun is needed because Turkish is a pro-drop language. The subject is the noun phrase ithalat-ihracat dengesi.
• dengesi (“its balance”) carries the necessary person/number information (3rd person singular).
• A pronoun like o (“it”) would be redundant.

Can we place the time clause ekonomik ambargo uygulandığından beri at the end of the sentence?

Yes, Turkish allows flexibility, but:
• Putting ekonomik ambargo uygulandığından beri at the beginning sets the temporal frame up front.
• If you move it to the end—“İthalat-ihracat dengesi değişmiş, ekonomik ambargo uygulandığından beri.”—it’s still correct but sounds less natural and emphasizes the main clause instead of the time frame.