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Göldeki yansıma muhteşem görünüyordu ve manzara iki kat etkileyici hâle geldi.

Göldeki yansıma muhteşem görünüyordu ve manzara iki kat etkileyici hâle geldi.
The reflection in the lake looked magnificent and made the view twice as impressive.
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Questions & Answers about Göldeki yansıma muhteşem görünüyordu ve manzara iki kat etkileyici hâle geldi.

What does the suffix -deki in göldeki indicate?

The form göldeki breaks down as:
• göl (lake)
• -de (locative case: “in”)
• -ki (enclitic relative suffix: “that is…” or “which is…”)

Together göldeki literally means “that which is in the lake,” i.e. “in the lake” used adjectivally (“the reflection in the lake”).

How is the past‐continuous form görünüyordu constructed?

görünüyordu =

  1. Root görün- (to appear, to look)
  2. Present‐continuous suffix -üyor → görünüyor (“is appearing/looks”)
  3. Past‐tense suffix -du → görünüyor-du (“was appearing/was looking”)
  4. Vowel‐harmonized to görünüyordu

No separate subject pronoun is needed—the -du ending and context imply third‐person singular.

What’s the nuance between saying muhteşem görünüyordu and simply muhteşemdi?

• muhteşemdi = “it was magnificent” (static past)
• muhteşem görünüyordu = “it was looking magnificent” or “it was appearing magnificent” (describes how it seemed or looked at that moment, slightly more vivid/visual).

How does the expression hâle gelmek function in iki kat etkileyici hâle geldi?

hâle gelmek is an idiomatic light‐verb construction meaning “to become (a state).”
• hâl = state, condition
• -e (dative: “to a state”)
• gelmek = to come

So etkileyici hâle geldi = “came into an impressive state,” i.e. “became impressive.”

What does iki kat mean here, and why is daha sometimes omitted?

• iki kat literally = “two times” or “double.”
• In Turkish iki kat etkileyici implies “twice as impressive.”
• You can optionally insert daha (“more”) for clarity: iki kat daha etkileyici hâle geldi = “became twice as impressive.”
• Leaving out daha is common and still understood as “twice as ….”

Why is there a circumflex in hâle, and is it always necessary?

• The circumflex (ˆ) marks a long vowel in some loanwords (here from Arabic hal).
• In modern Turkish orthography it’s optional in many words; you will also see hale without the circumflex.
• In formal or literary writing you’ll still encounter hâle, but leaving out the accent (writing hale) is widely accepted in everyday use.

What is the difference between göldeki yansıma and gölün yansıması?

• göldeki yansıma = “the reflection in the lake” (locative + relative -ki)
• gölün yansıması = “the lake’s reflection” (genitive gölün + possessive -sı on yansıma)

Both refer to the same phenomenon. The first emphasizes where it is, the second emphasizes whose reflection it is.

How is the adjective etkileyici formed from the verb etkilemek?

• Root etkile- (to affect, to impress)
• Suffix -(y)ici (forms adjectives meaning “capable of” or “tending to”)
→ etkileyici = “impressive” (literally “having the quality of affecting/impressing”)

Why don’t yansıma and manzara take extra case endings in this sentence?

They are both subjects of intransitive verbs:
• yansıma … görünüyordu (the reflection was looking…)
• manzara … hâle geldi (the scenery came to be…)

Subjects of intransitive verbs remain in the nominative (no additional suffix), so yansıma and manzara appear in their base forms.