Lamba koridoru aydınlatıyor.

The lamp illuminates the corridor.

Breakdown of Lamba koridoru aydınlatıyor.

• lamba: the lamp
• koridor: the corridor
• aydınlatmak: to illuminate

Questions & Answers about Lamba koridoru aydınlatıyor.

Why isn’t there an article like the or a before lamba or koridoru?

Turkish simply doesn’t use separate words for a, an or the. Definiteness is usually shown by case endings or context, so:

• lamba (lamp) appears without an article.
• koridoru (corridor) takes the accusative suffix -u to show it’s a specific corridor.

What case is koridoru in, and why does it take -u?

koridoru is in the definite accusative case. We use -u because:

1. It marks koridor as the definite direct object (“the corridor”).
2. Vowel harmony: the last vowel in koridor is o (a back-rounded vowel), so the accusative suffix is -u (not -i, -ü, or -ı).

How do we decide which vowel (i, ı, u, ü) to use for accusative suffixes?

Turkish uses four-way vowel harmony. For a noun ending in a consonant:

• Last vowel e/i → suffix -i
• Last vowel a/ı → suffix -ı
• Last vowel o/u → suffix -u
• Last vowel ö/ü → suffix -ü
  Since koridor ends in o, we pick -u.

Why is the verb aydınlatıyor written as one word and not two like “is lighting”?

In Turkish, you form the present continuous by attaching the continuous-tense suffix -(I)yor directly to the verb root, plus any personal ending. Here:

1. Root of aydınlatmak (to illuminate) is aydınlat-.
2. Add -ıyor (since root’s last vowel is a, a back-unrounded vowel).
3. Third person singular has no extra ending, so aydınlat + ıyor = aydınlatıyor.

Why isn’t there a separate ending to show that lamba is doing the lighting? How do we know the subject?

Turkish often omits a separate subject marker for third person singular. Because aydınlatıyor ends in -ıyor with no personal ending, that zero-ending default means “he/she/it is illuminating.” The noun lamba (in the unmarked nominative) is understood as the subject.

Could we swap word order, for example say Koridoru lamba aydınlatıyor?

Yes. Turkish has relatively free word order. The basic order is Subject–Object–Verb (SOV), but you can move elements for emphasis:

• Koridoru lamba aydınlatıyor emphasizes koridoru (“It’s the corridor that the lamp is illuminating.”)
• Meaning stays the same, but focus shifts.

What would happen if we leave out lamba and just say Koridoru aydınlatıyor?

Then you’d have “(He/She/It) illuminates the corridor.” Without lamba, the agent is unspecified. It could be interpreted as “It illuminates the corridor” or “Someone is illuminating the corridor.”

How would you express “The corridor is lit by the lamp” (passive voice)?

You could say:

• Koridor lamba tarafından aydınlatılıyor.
  Here tarafından marks the agent (“by the lamp”), and aydınlatılıyor is the passive continuous form of aydınlatmak.

Why not use aydınlanıyor (intransitive “becoming lit”) instead of aydınlatıyor?

• aydınlanmak (intransitive) means “to become illuminated” (no agent expressed).
• aydınlatmak is transitive (“to illuminate something”).
  Since you want to say that lamba actively lights the corridor, you need the transitive form aydınlat- and its continuous aydınlatıyor.