Yoğun sis yüzünden karayolu kapandı.

due to

Breakdown of Yoğun sis yüzünden karayolu kapandı.

• yoğun: dense
• sis: the fog
• karayolu: the highway

Questions & Answers about Yoğun sis yüzünden karayolu kapandı.

Why isn’t there an article like the or a before karayolu?

Turkish doesn’t use definite or indefinite articles. Nouns stand alone, and whether it’s “the road” or “a road” is inferred from context rather than a separate word.

What exactly does karayolu mean?

karayolu is a compound of kara (land) + yol (road), literally “land-road.” In practice it means “main road” or “highway.” For “motorway/freeway,” Turkish often uses otoyol.

Why is kapandı used instead of kapatıldı? Isn’t that passive?

kapanmak is an intransitive verb meaning “to close” or “to become closed.” So kapandı = “it closed” (no agent needed).
kapatmak is transitive (“to close something”), and its passive is kapatıldı (“it was closed [by someone]”). Since fog itself causes the closure, Turkish uses kapanmak, not the passive of kapatmak.

Why isn’t there a pronoun like “it” in kapandı? How do I know what closed?

In Turkish the subject pronoun is usually dropped because the verb ending tells you the person/number. The -dı in kapandı marks 3rd person singular (“he/she/it”). From context you understand “it” = karayolu.

What does yüzünden mean, and how do I attach it to ?