Learn Hardcore Turkish: Mezun iş arıyor. - The graduate is looking for a job.

Mezun translates to graduate. It refers to someone who has completed their education, typically implying that the person has recently finished a course of study.

How is the verb arıyor formed and what does it indicate?

Arıyor comes from the verb root ara-, meaning "to search" or "to look for." By adding the present continuous suffix -ıyor, it indicates an ongoing action, so it translates as "is looking for."

Why is there no article before iş (job) in this sentence like we use a or the in English?

Turkish does not use articles like a/an or the. The noun iş naturally means "job" without needing an extra word to mark definiteness or indefiniteness, which is a common feature of Turkish grammar.

How does the sentence structure of Mezun iş arıyor compare to English word order?

Turkish typically follows a Subject-Object-Verb structure. In Mezun iş arıyor, the subject is mezun (graduate), the object is iş (job), and the verb is arıyor (is looking for). In comparison, English follows a Subject-Verb-Object order.

Is it necessary to include a subject pronoun such as o in this sentence?

No, it isn’t necessary. Turkish often omits subject pronouns when the subject is clear from context. Although you can add o to emphasize "he" or "she" (e.g., O mezun iş arıyor), it is not required since mezun already implies the person in question.