Sınav gözetmeni uygulamalı sınavı izledi.

A useful way to parse it is:

• Sınav gözetmeni = the subject, exam proctor / exam invigilator
• uygulamalı sınavı = the direct object, the practical exam
• izledi = the verb, watched / observed

So the structure is:

[Subject] [Object] [Verb]

which is very common in Turkish.

Because Turkish commonly uses SOV word order:

• Subject
• Object
• Verb

So instead of English The proctor watched the exam, Turkish naturally says something closer to:

The proctor the exam watched.

Turkish word order is somewhat flexible, but the verb often comes last in a neutral sentence.

Here, -i is not the accusative.

In sınav gözetmeni, you have a very common Turkish noun compound:

• sınav = exam
• gözetmen = supervisor / invigilator / proctor
• gözetmen-i = the compound form

So sınav gözetmeni means exam proctor or exam invigilator.

This is the same pattern as:

• okul müdürü = school principal
• kahve fincanı = coffee cup
• yatak odası = bedroom

So in this sentence, gözetmeni is part of a compound noun, not an object marked with accusative.

Here, -ı is the accusative ending, marking a definite/specific direct object.

• sınav = exam
• sınav-ı = the exam / a specific exam as the object

So:

• uygulamalı sınavı izledi = watched the practical exam

This is one of the most important Turkish patterns to learn:

• bare object often = non-specific
• accusative-marked object = specific/definite

So sınavı tells you this is a particular exam being watched.

Because the word sınav is doing two different jobs:

1. In sınav gözetmeni, it helps form the compound exam proctor
2. In uygulamalı sınavı, it is the noun exam, this time as the direct object

So the sentence literally contains:

• exam proctor
• practical exam
• watched

This is completely normal in Turkish.

Uygulamalı means practical, applied, or hands-on.

It comes from uygulama (application / practice) plus -lı, a suffix that often means something like with, having, or characterized by.

So:

• uygulama = practice / application
• uygulamalı = practical / applied

Then:

• uygulamalı sınav = practical exam

It works like an ordinary adjective before the noun.

İzledi is the simple past form of izlemek (to watch / observe / monitor).

Breakdown:

• izle- = verb stem, watch / observe
• -di = past tense marker

So:

• izledi = watched / observed

In 3rd person singular, Turkish usually has no extra personal ending after the past marker here, so izledi can mean:

• he watched
• she watched
• it watched

The subject noun in the sentence tells you who did it: sınav gözetmeni.

Turkish does not have articles like English a/an and the.

Instead, Turkish shows meanings like definiteness through:

• context
• word order
• case marking, especially the accusative

So in this sentence:

• sınav gözetmeni is understood from context as the exam proctor or simply an exam proctor, depending on the situation
• sınavı is clearly a specific exam because of the accusative ending -ı

That is one reason Turkish learners need to pay close attention to endings.

This is a very common learner question.

• sınav gözetmeni = exam proctor, a role/type of person
• sınavın gözetmeni = the proctor of the exam, tied to a specific exam

So:

• sınav gözetmeni is a standard compound noun
• sınavın gözetmeni uses the genitive-possessive pattern

Both can be correct, but they do not feel exactly the same.

In your sentence, sınav gözetmeni sounds like the natural job title or role: the exam proctor.

All three are possible depending on context.

• watch = the most direct basic meaning
• observe = often a good translation in formal contexts
• monitor = possible if you want to stress supervision

Since the subject is sınav gözetmeni, English often prefers something like:

• The exam proctor observed the practical exam
• The exam proctor monitored the practical exam

But grammatically, the Turkish verb is simply izlemek.

Two letters often trouble English speakers:

• ı = a vowel with no exact English equivalent
  It is a deep, unrounded vowel, somewhat like the vowel in a very reduced uh sound, but it is its own clear vowel in Turkish.

  Examples here:

  • sınav
  • sınavı

• ö = like German ö or French eu

  Example:

  • gözetmeni

A rough pronunciation guide for the whole sentence could be:

Suh-nav guh-ZET-men-ee oo-goo-lah-MAH-luh suh-NA-vuh eez-LEH-dee

That is only approximate, but it can help at first.

Yes. That is a very good literal translation.

Word-for-word, it is roughly:

• Sınav gözetmeni = exam proctor
• uygulamalı sınavı = the practical exam
• izledi = watched

So the full sentence is:

The exam proctor watched/observed the practical exam.

That is both grammatically accurate and natural in English.