Koli bandı mukavva kutuya yapıştırıldı.

Because koli bandı is a very common Turkish noun phrase meaning packing tape or box tape.

This is an indefinite noun compound:

• koli = parcel, box
• bant = tape

In this type of compound, the second noun usually takes the 3rd person possessive ending:

• bant → bandı

So:

• koli bant = not the normal form here
• koli bandı = the standard phrase

Also, bant changes to band- before a vowel, which is why you see d instead of t.

No. In this sentence, the -ı in bandı is not the accusative.

It is part of the fixed compound koli bandı.

That is important, because a learner might look at bandı and think:

• bant + ı = the tape as a direct object

But here that is not what is happening. The phrase is simply:

• koli bandı = packing tape

In fact, in this passive sentence, koli bandı is the subject of the sentence.

Because kutuya is in the dative case, which often means to or onto/toward something.

Here:

• kutu = box
• kutuya = to the box / onto the box

The verb yapıştırmak commonly takes:

• the thing being attached
• plus the place/surface it is attached to

So:

• mukavva kutuya yapıştırıldı = it was stuck to the cardboard box

The -y- is just a buffer consonant added because kutu ends in a vowel and the suffix also begins with a vowel.

Because mukavva is describing kutu.

So the phrase is:

• mukavva kutu = cardboard box

Only the main noun of the phrase, kutu, gets the case ending:

• mukavva kutu → mukavva kutuya

This is similar to how in English only the whole noun phrase changes function:

• the cardboard box
• to the cardboard box

You do not separately mark cardboard.

Here mukavva means cardboard.

It is describing what kind of box it is:

• kutu = box
• mukavva kutu = cardboard box

So mukavva is functioning like an adjective here, even though it can also be thought of as a noun meaning cardboard as a material.

Yapıştırıldı can be broken down like this:

• yapıştır- = stick, attach, glue
• -ıl- = passive
• -dı = past tense

So:

• yapıştırdı = he/she/it stuck it, attached it
• yapıştırıldı = it was stuck, it was attached

This is why the sentence has a passive meaning.

Turkish often uses the passive when the doer is unknown, unimportant, or simply not mentioned.

So instead of saying:

• Someone attached the packing tape to the cardboard box

Turkish can say:

• Koli bandı mukavva kutuya yapıştırıldı.
• The packing tape was attached to the cardboard box.

The focus is on what happened to the tape, not on who did it.

It is simply omitted.

In Turkish passives, the agent is often left out if it is obvious or not important.

If you really wanted to mention it, you could use tarafından:

• Koli bandı görevli tarafından mukavva kutuya yapıştırıldı.
• The packing tape was attached to the cardboard box by the worker.

But in ordinary Turkish, leaving the agent out is very common.

The grammatical subject is koli bandı.

That may feel strange to an English speaker, because in the active version the tape would be the object:

• They attached the packing tape to the cardboard box.

But in the passive version, the thing affected becomes the subject:

• The packing tape was attached to the cardboard box.

So in Turkish:

• Koli bandı = subject
• mukavva kutuya = destination/target phrase
• yapıştırıldı = was attached

Yes. Turkish word order is flexible, although this sentence is completely natural as it stands.

This version:

• Koli bandı mukavva kutuya yapıştırıldı.

puts the focus naturally on koli bandı first.

You could also say:

• Mukavva kutuya koli bandı yapıştırıldı.

That shifts the emphasis a bit toward the cardboard box.

In Turkish, the verb usually stays at the end, but the elements before it can move around for emphasis or information structure.

One possible active version is:

• Birisi koli bandını mukavva kutuya yapıştırdı.
• Someone attached the packing tape to the cardboard box.

Here you can see an important difference:

• koli bandı in the passive sentence is the subject
• koli bandını in the active sentence is the direct object, so now it takes the accusative

That contrast helps show why the -ı in koli bandı is not the accusative in the original sentence.

Not necessarily. It often means to stick, attach, paste, or glue something onto a surface.

So it can be used for things like:

• sticking tape onto a box
• pasting a poster onto a wall
• attaching a label onto something

In this sentence, with koli bandı, it naturally means to apply/stick tape onto the box.

Turkish can be more specific if needed. For example:

• Koli bandı mukavva kutunun üstüne yapıştırıldı.

That means more specifically:

• The packing tape was stuck onto the top/surface of the cardboard box.

In your original sentence, kutuya already works well and naturally means to/onto the box, but Turkish can add a word like üstüne when the exact surface matters.