Jant teli teker göbeğine bağlanır.

Because jant teli is a noun compound in Turkish.

• jant = rim
• tel = wire
• jant teli = rim wire / spoke

In this very common pattern, the second noun usually takes the 3rd person possessive ending. So:

• tel → teli

This does not necessarily mean its wire in a literal possessive sense. It is just how Turkish normally builds compounds such as:

• araba kapısı = car door
• ev kapısı = house door
• jant teli = spoke / rim wire

So jant teli is the natural compound form.

It tells you what something is attached to.

The important part is the ending -e / -a, which is the dative case. The dative often means:

• to
• toward
• sometimes onto or into, depending on context

So teker göbeğine means to the wheel hub.

In this sentence, it marks the destination or attachment point.

Because teker göbeği is also a noun compound, and the dative ending is added after that compound form.

Step by step:

• göbek = hub / navel / center
• teker göbeği = wheel hub
• then add dative -e
• because the word already has a possessive-type ending, Turkish uses a buffer n
• so: göbeği + ne → göbeğine

This is a very common pattern:

• kapısı → kapısına
• arabası → arabasına
• göbeği → göbeğine

So the -n- is not random; it is there to help connect the endings.

This is due to two common sound changes in Turkish when suffixes are added.

Starting word:

• göbek

When the compound ending is added:

1. final k often softens to ğ
2. the vowel in the suffix follows vowel harmony

So:

• göbek → göbeği

This kind of change is very common:

• renk → rengi
• kulak → kulağı
• yürek → yüreği

So göbeği is the expected suffixed form of göbek here.

Bağlanır comes from the verb bağlanmak.

Related forms:

• bağlamak = to tie, connect, attach something
• bağlanmak = to be tied, be connected, be attached

So bağlanır here has a passive/intransitive sense:
is attached / is connected

In technical Turkish, this kind of form is extremely common when describing how parts go together.

Here -ır is the aorist ending.

The Turkish aorist is often used for:

• general truths
• habitual actions
• instructions
• technical descriptions
• step-by-step processes

So in a sentence like this, bağlanır does not mean only it is attaching right now. It means something more like:

• is attached
• gets attached
• attaches
• is connected

depending on the style of English translation.

In manuals and explanations, the aorist is very natural.

Not with the same meaning.

• bağlar = he/she/it ties, connects, attaches
• bağlanır = it is tied/connected/attached or it gets attached

So:

• bağlar is active
• bağlanır is passive/intransitive-like

In your sentence, the part is being described as something that is attached to the hub, so bağlanır is the correct choice.

Because Turkish normally prefers verb-final word order.

A very typical Turkish sentence pattern is:

• subject + other information + verb

So here:

• Jant teli = subject
• teker göbeğine = to the wheel hub
• bağlanır = is attached

That gives the natural order: Jant teli teker göbeğine bağlanır.

Turkish word order is somewhat flexible, but putting the verb last is the most neutral and common pattern.

Turkish does not have a direct article system like English.

That means Turkish often leaves out words corresponding to:

• the
• a / an

The meaning is understood from context.

So a sentence like this can be translated in English in different ways depending on context:

• The spoke is attached to the wheel hub
• A spoke is attached to the wheel hub
• The rim wire connects to the wheel hub

Turkish does have bir, which can mean one or sometimes a/an, but it is not required here.

Basically yes, in this context.

• tekerlek = wheel
• teker = a shorter form, often used in certain contexts or compounds

So teker göbeği means wheel hub. You may also encounter tekerlek göbeği, which is more explicitly built from the full word tekerlek.

A learner should recognize that teker here refers to the wheel.

Yes, in the context of a bicycle or wheel, jant teli is commonly used for spoke.

Literally, it looks like:

• rim wire

But technical vocabulary does not always match English word-for-word. So even though the literal parts are useful to understand, the natural English equivalent is often simply:

• spoke

This is a good reminder that Turkish compounds may be more transparent than the single English word used in translation.