Çocuk bacağını incitti.

Because bacağını is built from the noun bacak (leg) plus endings:

• bacak = leg
• bacağı = his/her leg
• bacağını = his/her leg(object)

So this word contains:

• a 3rd person possessive ending: -ı / -i / -u / -ü → his/her
• an accusative ending: -ı / -i / -u / -ü / -nı / -ni / -nu / -nü → marks the definite direct object

In this sentence, the child is not just hurting a leg in general, but his/her leg, so Turkish uses the possessed form.

With body parts, Turkish very often uses a possessive structure where English may simply say his leg, her arm, my hand, etc.

So:

• Çocuk bacağını incitti. = The child hurt his/her leg.

This is the normal Turkish way to talk about body parts belonging to someone. Even when English might not stress possession very much, Turkish usually does.

Examples:

• Elimi kestim. = I cut my hand.
• Başını vurdu. = He/she hit his/her head.

That n is a buffer consonant.

The word already has a possessive ending:

• bacağı = his/her leg

When Turkish adds the accusative ending to a word with a 3rd person possessive ending, it commonly inserts -n- before the case ending:

• bacağı
  • -ı → bacağını

This helps the word flow more naturally in pronunciation.

You will see the same pattern in many words:

• kitabı = his/her book
• kitabını = his/her book (as a definite object)

This is because of a common Turkish sound change called consonant softening.

When some nouns ending in p, ç, t, k take a vowel-initial ending, the final consonant often softens:

• p → b
• ç → c
• t → d
• k → ğ (or sometimes g)

So:

• bacak
  • possessive ending → bacağı, not bacakı

This is very common:

• kitap → kitabı
• ağaç → ağacı
• kanat → kanadı
• bacak → bacağı

İncitti is the past tense, 3rd person singular form of incitmek, which means to hurt, to injure, or sometimes to offend depending on context.

Here, with bacağını, it clearly means hurt/injured physically.

Structure:

• incit- = verb stem
• -ti = past tense
• implied he/she/it subject agreement

So incitti means:

• he/she hurt
• he/she injured

Since the subject is çocuk, the full sentence is:

• The child hurt his/her leg.

In this sentence:

• Çocuk = the subject → the child
• bacağını = the direct object → his/her leg
• incitti = hurt

The accusative ending on bacağını helps show that it is the thing affected by the action.

So the structure is:

• Çocuk → the doer
• bacağını → what was hurt
• incitti → the action

That is why the sentence means The child hurt his/her leg, not The leg hurt the child.

Turkish often uses Subject – Object – Verb order, especially in neutral statements.

So:

• Çocuk = subject
• bacağını = object
• incitti = verb

This makes Çocuk bacağını incitti the most neutral and natural version.

Turkish word order can change for emphasis, though. For example:

• Bacağını çocuk incitti. could emphasize it was the child who hurt the leg
• İncitti çocuk bacağını. is possible in some contexts, but much less neutral

For learners, Subject – Object – Verb is the safest default.

It can mean either the child or a child, depending on context.

Turkish does not have articles like the and a/an. So çocuk by itself can be:

• child
• a child
• the child

In an isolated sentence, English often translates it as the child because that sounds more natural, but context decides the best choice.

By default, most learners will understand it as the child’s own leg.

Why? Because:

• Çocuk is the subject
• bacağını means his/her leg
• in a sentence like this, the natural interpretation is that the possessed body part belongs to the subject

So the usual meaning is:

• The child hurt his/her own leg.

If the sentence needed to make a different owner clear, Turkish would usually specify that more explicitly.

A rough pronunciation is:

• ba-ja-nuh-nuh

More carefully:

• ba as in father
• ca with c pronounced like English j
• ğ usually lengthens or smooths the vowel before it rather than sounding like a strong consonant
• ı is the Turkish vowel with no exact English equivalent; it is like a relaxed vowel sound, somewhat like the vowel in sofa, but farther back in the mouth

So bacağını sounds approximately like:

• baa-ja-nuh-nuh

Also:

• ç = ch
• c = j

Not naturally for this meaning.

• Çocuk bacak incitti is incorrect here because bacak is just the bare noun leg, with no possession and no proper object marking.
• Çocuk bacağı incitti is also not right for this sentence, because once the possessed noun is a definite direct object, Turkish normally adds the accusative, giving bacağını.

So the natural form is:

• Çocuk bacağını incitti.

That gives the full idea:

• the child
• his/her leg
• hurt