Vem gjorde mål?

• vem = who. It is the question word asking about a person.
• gjorde = past tense of göra, which usually means do or make.
• mål = goal.

So grammatically, the sentence is:

• question word: vem
• verb in the past tense: gjorde
• object / part of the expression: mål

A very important point is that göra mål is a common Swedish expression meaning to score (a goal).

Because Swedish often uses göra in idiomatic expressions where English uses a different verb.

In sports, göra mål means to score. So:

• Han gjorde mål. = He scored.
• Vem gjorde mål? = Who scored?

So even though göra often means do/make, in this fixed expression it is the normal verb.

In the expression göra mål, Swedish normally leaves out the article.

So the basic phrase is:

• göra mål = score / score goals

This is very common in Swedish sports language.

You can add a number if you want:

• Hon gjorde två mål. = She scored two goals.

If you want to talk about a specific goal, then Swedish may use a definite form or an adjective:

• Han gjorde det första målet. = He scored the first goal.
• Hon gjorde det avgörande målet. = She scored the winning goal.

But in the basic expression, mål appears without an article.

Yes. This is standard word order.

In Swedish, when the question word is the subject, the order is often:

• question word + verb + rest

So:

• Vem gjorde mål? = Who scored?

Here, vem is the subject of the verb gjorde.

Compare that with a question where the question word is not the subject:

• Vad gjorde han? = What did he do?

There, vad is not the subject, so you see another pattern.

Yes, when asking about a person, vem is the normal word.

Examples:

• Vem är det? = Who is it?
• Vem gjorde mål? = Who scored?
• Vem kommer imorgon? = Who is coming tomorrow?

Swedish does not change vem for subject vs. object the way English has who/whom in very formal usage. Vem is used in both kinds of questions in normal Swedish.

A rough guide for an English speaker:

• vem ≈ vem with a short e, like the vowel in bed
• gjorde is the trickiest word:
  • the gj- sound is a soft Swedish sound, somewhat like a y-sound mixed with a soft friction
  • a rough beginner approximation is something like yor-deh
• mål has a long vowel, roughly like mohl

A rough whole-sentence approximation could be:

• Vem yor-deh mohl?

But that is only approximate. The most difficult part is the beginning of gjorde, since that sound does not match English neatly.

Gjorde is the past tense of göra.

Common forms:

• infinitive: göra = to do / to make
• present: gör
• past: gjorde
• supine: gjort

Examples:

• Jag gör mål ibland. = I score sometimes.
• Jag gjorde mål igår. = I scored yesterday.
• Jag har gjort mål tre gånger i år. = I have scored three times this year.

This is a very useful verb to learn because göra is common both in its basic meaning and in many expressions.

Yes. Mål has several meanings in Swedish, depending on context.

Common ones include:

• goal in sports
• goal / aim / objective
• case or lawsuit in legal contexts

Examples:

• Mitt mål är att bli läkare. = My goal is to become a doctor.
• Det är ett svårt mål i domstolen. = It is a difficult court case.

In Vem gjorde mål?, the sports meaning is the natural one.

A very literal word-for-word translation might suggest that, but it is not how English naturally says it in this context.

The natural English translation is:

• Who scored?
• or Who scored a goal?

So when you learn Swedish, it is better to treat göra mål as a whole expression rather than translating each word separately every time.

You can answer with just a name, or with a full sentence.

Examples:

• Anna.
• Det var Anna. = It was Anna.
• Anna gjorde mål. = Anna scored.
• Anna och Leo gjorde mål. = Anna and Leo scored.

In conversation, a short answer is often enough if the context is clear.

Here are some common versions:

• Vem gör mål? = Who is scoring? / Who scores?
• Vem gjorde mål? = Who scored?
• Vem har gjort mål? = Who has scored?
• Vem ska göra mål? = Who will score? / Who is going to score?

This helps you see that only the verb form changes; the expression göra mål stays the same.