Besiktningen gjordes före utflyttningen.

The base word is en besiktning, a common-gender noun meaning inspection.

The ending -en makes it definite singular:

• en besiktning = an inspection
• besiktningen = the inspection

Because the noun already ends in -ning, the definite ending gets added to that whole word:

• besiktning
  • -en → besiktningen

So this is just the normal Swedish way of saying the inspection.

Because gjordes is passive.

The verb göra means to do. In the past tense:

• gjorde = did
• gjordes = was done

Swedish often forms the passive by adding -s to the verb. So:

• Man gjorde besiktningen. = Someone did the inspection.
• Besiktningen gjordes. = The inspection was done.

So gjordes corresponds to English was done here.

It is past tense passive.

More exactly:

• infinitive: göra = to do
• present: gör
• past: gjorde
• past passive: gjordes

So the sentence is talking about something that happened in the past.

Yes, the whole sentence is passive.

Swedish uses the passive for the same reasons English does:

• the person who performed the action is unknown
• the person is not important
• the result or event matters more than the actor

Here, the focus is on the inspection, not on who carried it out.

An active version could be:

• Hyresvärden gjorde besiktningen före utflyttningen.
  = The landlord did the inspection before the move-out.

But if the actor is unimportant, passive sounds very natural.

It comes from the verb flytta ut, which means to move out.

The noun utflyttning means moving out, the move-out, or the process/date of moving out, depending on context.

So:

• flytta ut = to move out
• utflyttning = moving out / move-out
• utflyttningen = the move-out / the moving out

This kind of noun is very common in housing, rental, and administrative language.

Because Swedish often uses the definite form when talking about a specific event that both sides already know about.

Here, it means the particular move-out connected to this situation, so utflyttningen is natural.

Compare:

• före utflyttningen = before the move-out / before the moving out
• före utflyttning = before moving out / before any move-out, more general or less tied to one specific event

In real-life housing contexts, the definite form is very common because there is usually one known move-out date or move-out process being discussed.

Före means before.

In this sentence, it is a preposition followed by a noun phrase:

• före utflyttningen = before the move-out

You could often also use innan, especially in everyday Swedish:

• Besiktningen gjordes innan utflyttningen.

A useful rough rule is:

• före is very common before nouns
• innan is especially common before clauses

For example:

• före utflyttningen = before the move-out
• innan hyresgästen flyttade ut = before the tenant moved out

In this sentence, före sounds perfectly natural and slightly formal/written.

Because both refer to specific, identifiable things in the situation.

• besiktningen = the specific inspection being talked about
• utflyttningen = the specific move-out being talked about

Swedish uses the definite form a lot in this kind of practical, administrative context, especially when there is one known inspection and one known move-out.

So the sentence sounds like it comes from a real case, not a general statement.

This is normal Swedish main-clause word order:

Besiktningen | gjordes | före utflyttningen
subject | verb | adverbial/prepositional phrase

So:

• Besiktningen is the subject
• gjordes is the finite verb
• före utflyttningen tells you when, in relation to another event

Because the sentence is passive, the subject is not the doer of the action. It is the thing affected by the action.

Yes. That is also correct.

When Swedish moves another element to the front, the finite verb still stays in second position. This is the famous V2 word order.

So:

• Besiktningen gjordes före utflyttningen.
• Före utflyttningen gjordes besiktningen.

Both are correct, but the emphasis is slightly different:

• first version focuses more on the inspection
• second version focuses more on the timing

You could say:

• Besiktningen gjordes innan man flyttade ut.
• Besiktningen gjordes innan hyresgästen flyttade ut.

This uses a clause with the verb flyttade ut instead of the noun utflyttningen.

So Swedish can express the idea in two common ways:

• with a noun: före utflyttningen
• with a clause: innan man flyttade ut

The noun version often sounds a bit more formal or administrative.