Tidsfristen står i hyreskontraktet.

Those endings mark the definite form, the equivalent of the in English.

• tidsfrist = deadline

• tidsfristen = the deadline

• hyreskontrakt = rental contract / lease
• hyreskontraktet = the rental contract / the lease

In Swedish, the definite article is usually added to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word.

Yes, står is the present tense of stå, which literally means stand. But in Swedish, stå is also commonly used when talking about information that appears in writing.

So står i hyreskontraktet means something like:

• is written in the contract
• is stated in the contract
• appears in the contract

This is very natural Swedish. English usually does not use stands this way, so it can feel strange at first.

The dictionary form is stå.

It is an irregular verb:

• infinitive: stå
• present: står
• past: stod
• supine: stått

In this sentence, står is present tense because the sentence is describing where the information is found.

Swedish usually uses i for information that is contained in a text, document, agreement, law, book, and so on.

So:

• i kontraktet = in the contract
• i boken = in the book
• i lagen = in the law

Even though English sometimes says in and sometimes thinks of text as being on a page, Swedish commonly uses i for this kind of context.

Yes, it is one word, and that is very typical in Swedish.

Swedish often forms compounds by joining nouns together:

• hyra = rent
• kontrakt = contract
• hyreskontrakt = rental contract / lease

Then the definite ending is added:

• hyreskontraktet = the rental contract

A helpful way to read long Swedish words is to look for the smaller parts inside them.

It is very close to deadline, but the tone can be slightly different.

tidsfrist often means:

• a time limit
• a deadline
• a period allowed to do something before time runs out

So it can sound a little more formal or legal than everyday English deadline, depending on context. In a contract, tidsfrist is a very natural word.

This is normal Swedish main-clause word order:

• Tidsfristen = subject
• står = verb
• i hyreskontraktet = adverbial/prepositional phrase

So it follows the common pattern:

subject + verb + other information

You could also move another element to the front for emphasis, but then Swedish keeps the verb in second position:

• I hyreskontraktet står tidsfristen.

That is grammatical, but less neutral in everyday use.

Yes. Swedish has a few possible alternatives, but they are not all equally natural in every context.

Examples:

• Tidsfristen står i hyreskontraktet.
  Very natural. Means the deadline is stated there.

• Tidsfristen finns i hyreskontraktet.
  Also possible, but it focuses more on the fact that it is included there.

• Tidsfristen är skriven i hyreskontraktet.
  Grammatically possible, but less idiomatic in many situations. It can sound more literal, as if focusing on the writing itself.

So står i is often the best everyday choice for written information.

A rough guide for an English speaker:

• tidsfristen ≈ teeds-fris-ten
• hyreskontraktet ≈ hyy-res-kon-trak-tet

A few notes:

• y in Swedish is not like English y. It is a rounded vowel and may take practice.
• hyres- is pronounced with two syllables: hy-res
• Stress in hyreskontraktet is mainly on trakt
• tidsfristen is a compound, so saying it slowly in parts can help: tids + fristen

If you are learning pronunciation, it helps to hear these words from native audio because Swedish vowels are very important.

Because Swedish usually puts the definite article onto the noun itself.

Compare:

• English: the deadline

• Swedish: tidsfristen

• English: the rental contract
• Swedish: hyreskontraktet

A separate definite word such as den or det is used in some other structures, especially with adjectives:

• det nya hyreskontraktet = the new rental contract

But in your sentence there is no adjective, so the ending alone is enough.

It sounds neutral to slightly formal, mainly because of the vocabulary:

• tidsfrist is somewhat formal
• hyreskontrakt is standard and neutral
• står i is normal everyday Swedish

So the sentence fits very well in legal, administrative, or practical contexts.