Ripoti inaeleza ubaguzi.

Because Swahili verbs usually include extra information at the front.

inaeleza can be broken down like this:

• i- = subject marker for ripoti
• -na- = present tense
• eleza = verb root meaning explain

So inaeleza means it explains or it is explaining.

Since ripoti is the subject, the verb has to agree with it, and that is why you get i- at the beginning.

In Swahili, nouns belong to noun classes, and verbs must agree with the class of the subject.

ripoti belongs to the N-class (often called class 9/10 for many nouns of this type). For a singular subject in this class, the subject marker is i-.

So:

• ripoti = report
• i- = it

That is why Ripoti inaeleza... means The report explains...

-na- is the usual present tense marker in Swahili.

So in inaeleza:

• i- = it
• -na- = present
• eleza = explain

This present tense can often translate as either:

• it explains
• it is explaining

The exact English version depends on context.

Yes, this sentence follows the very common Subject–Verb–Object order:

• Ripoti = subject
• inaeleza = verb
• ubaguzi = object

So it works much like English:

• The report / explains / discrimination

That makes this sentence quite straightforward for an English speaker.

Swahili normally does not use articles like the or a/an.

So ripoti can mean:

• a report
• the report

And ubaguzi can mean:

• discrimination
• sometimes the discrimination, depending on context

The exact meaning is usually understood from the situation rather than from a separate article word.

ubaguzi is an abstract noun, meaning discrimination.

The u- at the beginning is part of the noun itself. In Swahili, many abstract ideas are formed with nouns in the u- class, such as qualities, states, or concepts.

So here ubaguzi is not broken up in the sentence as a separate prefix plus another word for everyday use; you should learn it as the noun ubaguzi = discrimination.

Sometimes, depending on context, yes.

The verb -eleza often means:

• explain
• describe
• set out clearly

So Ripoti inaeleza ubaguzi could suggest that the report explains discrimination or describes discrimination, depending on what the report is doing.

But if your given meaning is The report explains discrimination, that is a perfectly natural understanding.

A simple syllable breakdown is:

• Ri-po-ti
• i-na-e-le-za
• u-ba-gu-zi

Swahili pronunciation is usually very regular. A few helpful points:

• vowels are pronounced clearly
• each vowel is normally sounded
• stress usually falls on the second-to-last syllable of each word

So roughly:

• riPOti
• inaeLEza
• ubaGUzi

Yes, sometimes.

Because the verb already contains the subject marker i-, inaeleza already means it explains. So if the subject is clear from context, a speaker could say:

• Inaeleza ubaguzi. = It explains discrimination.

But if you want to say specifically the report, then keeping ripoti is clearer.

In this sentence, ubaguzi is just a normal direct object placed after the verb, so it stays in its basic dictionary form.

Swahili does not change nouns for case the way some languages do. Instead, meaning is usually shown by:

• word order
• verb agreement
• context

So:

• Ripoti = subject
• inaeleza = verb
• ubaguzi = object

with no special change needed on ubaguzi.