Rahma hupenda kula njugu chache jioni anaposoma.

Hu- often marks a habitual action in Swahili. So hupenda suggests something like tends to like, usually likes, or likes as a habit/general preference.

• hupenda = habitual/general liking
• anapenda = simple present, often more like likes/is liking

In this sentence, hupenda fits well because it describes Rahma’s usual behavior, not just a one-time event.

Kula means to eat. It is the infinitive form of the verb, marked by ku-.

After verbs like kupenda (to like), Swahili often uses another verb in the infinitive, just like English does:

• hupenda kula = likes to eat

So the structure is very natural:

• Rahma hupenda kula... = Rahma likes to eat...

In Swahili, adjectives usually come after the noun they describe.

So:

• njugu chache = a few peanuts / few groundnuts

This is the normal order:

• noun + adjective

Compare:

• mtoto mdogo = small child
• vitabu vingi = many books
• njugu chache = few peanuts

Swahili adjectives must agree with the noun class of the noun they describe.

Njugu is commonly treated as a class 9/10 noun, and the adjective -chache takes the correct agreement form for that class here:

• njugu chache

The important thing for a learner is that the adjective changes shape to match the noun class. You cannot just use one unchanging word for few with every noun.

Usually, yes, but it can depend a little on region and context.

In many contexts:

• njugu = peanuts / groundnuts

In East African usage, groundnuts is also a very natural translation. So if your provided meaning says peanuts, that is perfectly fine.

Swahili does not have articles like English a, an, and the.

So a noun like njugu can mean:

• peanuts
• the peanuts
• some peanuts

The exact meaning depends on context. In this sentence, chache already gives quantity, so njugu chache naturally means a few peanuts or some peanuts.

Jioni means in the evening or during the evening.

It functions as a time expression, and Swahili often uses time words without a preposition. So instead of needing a separate word like in, Swahili can simply say:

• jioni = in the evening

That is very common with time expressions in Swahili.

Anaposoma can be broken down like this:

• a- = she/he
• -na- = present / ongoing
• -po- = when / at the time that
• soma = read / study

So anaposoma means something like:

• when she is reading
• when she studies
• while she is studying

This is a very useful Swahili pattern because the idea of when is built directly into the verb.

Because Swahili can express that meaning inside the verb using -po-.

So instead of using a separate word the way English often does, Swahili can say:

• anaposoma = when she reads / while she is reading

This is one reason Swahili verbs can carry a lot of information in a single word.

It can mean read or study, depending on context.

That is very normal in Swahili:

• kusoma = to read
• kusoma = to study

So in this sentence, either sense may work depending on the meaning you were shown. If the context is schoolwork, study may sound more natural. If the context is books or written material, read may fit better.

The subject marker a- means he or she in Swahili. Swahili verbs do not normally distinguish gender in the third-person singular.

So:

• anasoma can mean he is reading or she is reading
• anaposoma can mean when he is reading or when she is reading

In this sentence, the name Rahma tells you who the subject is, and the English meaning you were shown tells you whether to use she.

To some extent, yes. Swahili word order is fairly flexible, especially with time expressions like jioni.

The original order is natural:

• Rahma hupenda kula njugu chache jioni anaposoma.

But Swahili can sometimes move time expressions around for emphasis. Even so, the original version is a good standard pattern for learners:

• subject
• main verb
• infinitive
• object
• time expression
• subordinate clause

So it is best to learn this sentence as a natural model rather than trying to rearrange it too early.