Mama anapika samaki badala ya kuku.

Mother cooks fish instead of chicken.

Breakdown of Mama anapika samaki badala ya kuku.

• kupika: to cook
• samaki: the fish
• mama: the mother
• kuku: the chicken
• badala ya: instead of

Questions & Answers about Mama anapika samaki badala ya kuku.

What does each word in the sentence mean?

In the sentence, Mama means mother; anapika comes from the verb pika (“to cook”) and means she cooks or she is cooking (with a- as the third-person singular subject marker and na- indicating present tense); samaki means fish; badala ya translates as instead of; and kuku means chicken.

How is the verb anapika formed, and why does it include the prefixes a- and na-?

In Swahili, verbs are constructed by adding a subject marker and a tense marker before the verb stem. Here, a- is the subject prefix corresponding to a third-person singular subject (referring to Mama), and na- is the present tense marker. Hence, anapika means that Mama is cooking right now or habitually cooks.

What is the role of the phrase badala ya in this sentence?

The phrase badala ya functions as a comparative or substitutive expression meaning instead of. It shows an alternative choice by indicating that Mama chooses to cook fish rather than chicken.

Why are there no articles (such as "the" or "a") before samaki or kuku?

Swahili does not use articles in the same way English does. Nouns like samaki and kuku appear without additional words for "the" or "a," and their meaning is understood through context and the structure of the language.

Can anapika be understood as both "she cooks" and "she is cooking"? How is the tense interpreted?

Yes, anapika can be translated as either she cooks (a habitual action) or she is cooking (an ongoing action). Swahili’s present tense marker na- is versatile and, without additional context, can imply a habitual or an immediate action, much like the English present tense sometimes does.

Is the word order in the sentence similar to English, and how is the sentence structured?

Yes, the sentence follows a Subject-Verb-Object structure similar to English. Mama is the subject, anapika is the verb, and samaki is the object. The phrase badala ya kuku acts as an adverbial phrase modifying the verb by explaining that the fish are being cooked instead of chicken.