Mimi ninajiandaa kwa mtihani kesho.

I am preparing for the exam tomorrow.

Breakdown of Mimi ninajiandaa kwa mtihani kesho.

• mimi: I
• kesho: tomorrow
• kwa: for
• mtihani: the exam
• kujiandaa: to prepare

Questions & Answers about Mimi ninajiandaa kwa mtihani kesho.

What does Mimi mean in this sentence, and why is it included even though the verb already shows the subject?

Mimi means I in Swahili. Although the subject prefix ni- in ninajiandaa already indicates that the speaker is talking about themselves, including Mimi can add emphasis or clarity, especially in contexts where you want to stress who is performing the action.

How is the verb ninajiandaa structured, and what does each part represent?

The verb ninajiandaa is composed of several elements: • ni- is the subject prefix meaning I. • na- is the marker for the present continuous tense, indicating that the action is currently taking place. • ji- is the reflexive marker, showing that the subject is acting upon itself. • andaa is the root verb meaning prepare. Together, these parts form a reflexive present continuous verb meaning I am preparing myself.

What is the function of the reflexive marker ji- in the verb?

The reflexive marker ji- signals that the action of the verb is performed on the subject by the subject. In this sentence, it implies that I am preparing myself (as opposed to preparing something else). This structure is common in Swahili when the subject is both the doer and the receiver of the action.

Why is the preposition kwa used before mtihani, and what does it convey in this context?

The preposition kwa generally means for, with, or by, depending on the context. Here, it is used to link the preparation to a purpose—that is, preparing for something. In this case, kwa mtihani translates to for the exam, indicating that the preparation is directed toward the exam.

What does mtihani mean, and what does its form reveal about Swahili noun classes?

Mtihani means exam. It belongs to the m-/mi- noun class, where singular nouns often start with m- (as seen here) and their corresponding plurals begin with mi- (for example, mitihani means exams). This system of noun classes is a key feature in Swahili grammar.

What is the meaning of kesho, and where is it typically placed in a sentence?

Kesho means tomorrow. It serves as an adverb to indicate when an action will occur. In this sentence, it appears at the end, which is a common placement for adverbs in Swahili to denote timing clearly.