Mimi ninafunga mlango sasa.

I am locking the door now.

Breakdown of Mimi ninafunga mlango sasa.

• mimi: I
• sasa: now
• kufunga: to lock
• mlango: the door

Questions & Answers about Mimi ninafunga mlango sasa.

What does each word in Mimi ninafunga mlango sasa mean in English?

Mimi means I.
Ninafunga comes from the verb funga (to close) with the subject prefix ni (I) and the present tense marker na, which together mean I am closing.
Mlango means door.
Sasa means now.

How is the present continuous tense formed in the verb ninafunga?

In Swahili, the present continuous is formed by combining a subject prefix, the tense marker na, and the verb root. In ninafunga, ni- indicates the subject I, na- is the marker for the present continuous tense, and funga is the root meaning to close. Together, they express I am closing.

Why is the subject pronoun Mimi included even though the verb ninafunga already indicates the subject?

While the verb ninafunga has the prefix ni- that already tells us the subject is I, including Mimi adds clarity or emphasis. Swahili often allows the subject pronoun to be dropped because the verb form makes it clear, but it can be kept for emphasis or when speaking to beginners who benefit from the extra information.

What is the role of sasa in this sentence?

Sasa is an adverb meaning now, and it specifies that the action is occurring at the present moment. Its placement at the end of the sentence reinforces the immediacy of the action, similar to how adverbs modify verbs in English.

Is it common to both include and omit the subject pronoun in Swahili, and what does that imply for learners?

Yes, it is common in Swahili to omit the subject pronoun because the verb’s prefix already identifies the subject. However, especially for learners or in contexts where clarity is desired, including the subject (as in Mimi ninafunga mlango sasa) helps reinforce understanding of who is performing the action.