La aseguradora tramitará la reclamación y después indemnizará al asegurado.

They are both in the simple future tense.

• tramitará = he/she/it will process
• indemnizará = he/she/it will compensate / indemnify

Here, the subject is la aseguradora, so both mean the insurer will ...

In Spanish, the regular simple future is formed by adding endings to the full infinitive:

• tramitar
  • á → tramitará
• indemnizar
  • á → indemnizará

The full set of endings is:

• -é
• -ás
• -á
• -emos
• -éis
• -án

So:

• yo tramitaré
• tú tramitarás
• él/ella tramitará
• etc.

Both verbs here are regular in the future.

Because the sentence describes what will happen next in a procedure or process.

It sounds like formal insurance language explaining the sequence:

1. the insurer will process the claim
2. then it will compensate the insured person

Spanish could use the present in some contexts, especially for general instructions or routines, but the future is very natural here because it clearly presents the actions as subsequent steps.

La aseguradora usually means the insurance company or the insurer.

It is feminine because the noun aseguradora is feminine. In this kind of sentence, it often refers to the company, not to a female person.

Related forms:

• el asegurador = the insurer, masculine
• la aseguradora = the insurer, feminine

In real insurance Spanish, la aseguradora very often means the insurance company.

Here tramitar means something like:

• to process
• to handle formally
• to deal with through the proper procedure

It is more bureaucratic or administrative than a simple to do or to deal with.

In insurance Spanish:

• the customer might presentar or hacer una reclamación
• the company then tramita la reclamación

So tramitar is specifically about moving the claim through the official process.

No. This is a very important vocabulary point.

In Spanish, reclamación usually means:

• claim
• complaint

In an insurance context, it usually means claim.

So la reclamación here is the insurance claim, not English reclamation in the sense of recovering land or something similar.

Because al is the contraction of a + el.

Here the a is the personal a, which is used before a specific human direct object.

So:

• indemnizará al asegurado
• literally, will compensate the insured person

You cannot usually drop that a when the direct object is a specific person.

Examples:

• Veo al médico
• Llamaron al cliente
• Indemnizará al asegurado

If it were feminine, it would be:

• indemnizará a la asegurada

Here asegurado means the insured person.

It comes from the past participle/adjective asegurado, but in this sentence it is being used as a noun.

So:

• el asegurado = the insured person
• la asegurada = the insured woman
• los asegurados = the insured people

One nuance: in technical insurance language, asegurado is not always exactly the same as policyholder. Sometimes the tomador and the asegurado are different people. But in many learner-level contexts, asegurado is best understood as the insured person.

Spanish uses definite articles more often than English.

In this sentence, the articles help present all three nouns as specific, identifiable entities in the insurance situation:

• la aseguradora = the insurer involved
• la reclamación = the claim being discussed
• al asegurado = the insured person concerned

English often drops articles where Spanish keeps them, so this is very normal Spanish usage.

Because después can be used by itself to mean afterwards or later.

So:

• ... y después indemnizará al asegurado
• ... and afterwards it will compensate the insured person

You use después de when it is followed by a noun or an infinitive:

• después de la revisión
• después de tramitar la reclamación

And you use después de que before a conjugated verb:

• después de que tramite la reclamación

Yes, they are important.

They show the correct stress:

• tramitará
• indemnizará
• reclamación

In the future forms tramitará and indemnizará, the accent marks the stress on the final syllable. That is part of the standard written form of the future tense.

In reclamación, the accent on -ción also shows where the stress falls.

So the accents are not optional decoration. They are part of the correct spelling.