Estudio español toda la noche.

I study Spanish all night.

Breakdown of Estudio español toda la noche.

• yo: I
• la noche: the night
• español: Spanish
• estudiar: to study
• toda: all

Questions & Answers about Estudio español toda la noche.

Why is there no yo in the sentence? In English we say I study Spanish all night.

Spanish usually omits subject pronouns (like yo, tú, él) because the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

• estudio = I study (1st person singular)
• estudias = you study (informal singular)
• estudia = he/she/you (formal) study

You can say Yo estudio español toda la noche, but yo is only needed for emphasis or contrast, like:
Yo estudio español toda la noche, pero ella estudia solo una hora.

Why is español not capitalized? In English we write Spanish with a capital S.

In Spanish, names of languages and nationalities are written with a lowercase letter:

• español (Spanish)
• inglés (English)
• francés (French)

What is capitalized is the name of the country or region:

• España (Spain)
• México
• Estados Unidos

So Estudio español toda la noche is correct with español in lowercase.

What exactly does estudio mean here? Why not estudiar or estudió?

Estudio is the present tense form of estudiar for yo (I):

• estudiar = to study (infinitive form, like “to study”)
• estudio = I study / I am studying (present tense)
• estudió = he/she/you-formal studied (past tense, preterite; note the accent on ó)

You use estudio when you want to say I study or I am studying right now or in general.
You would use estudiar after another verb, for example: Quiero estudiar español. (I want to study Spanish.)

Why is it toda la noche and not todo la noche or todo noche?

In Spanish, adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify.

• noche is feminine singular → la noche

• todo/toda (all, the whole) must match that:

  • masculine singular: todo el día (all day)
  • feminine singular: toda la noche (all night)

You cannot drop the article here; todo noche is incorrect. You need toda la noche.

What is the difference between toda la noche and todas las noches?

They mean different things:

• toda la noche = all night / the whole night (one entire night, or “all night” as a block of time)

  • Estudio español toda la noche. → I spend the whole night studying Spanish.

• todas las noches = every night / each night (repeated habit)

  • Estudio español todas las noches. → I study Spanish every night (not necessarily all night long, just every night).

So use toda la noche for one continuous night, and todas las noches for a repeated routine.

Could I say por toda la noche instead of toda la noche?

In everyday Spanish, toda la noche is the natural way to say all night / the whole night.

Por toda la noche is not wrong grammatically, but it is unusual or sounds a bit off in many contexts, especially in Latin America, and it can sometimes sound like a literal translation from English.

For duration with time expressions like this, Spanish normally just uses:

• toda la noche – all night
• todo el día – all day

So: Estudio español toda la noche, not por toda la noche, is what you should learn as the default.

Can I move toda la noche to another place in the sentence?

Yes, time expressions like toda la noche are flexible. Common options:

• Estudio español toda la noche. (neutral, very common)
• Toda la noche estudio español. (emphasizes all night)
• Estudio toda la noche español. (sounds unnatural or wrong to most native speakers)

Usually, you keep the direct object (español) close to the verb and put the time phrase at the end or at the beginning:

• Verb + object + time: Estudio español toda la noche.
• Time + verb + object: Toda la noche estudio español.

In English we distinguish I study vs I am studying. Does estudio mean both?

Yes. Spanish present simple (estudio) covers both meanings:

• Estudio español toda la noche.
  
  • could mean: I am studying Spanish all night (tonight).
  • or: I (habitually) study Spanish all night (whenever I study).

If you really want to highlight the action in progress right now, you can use the progressive:

• Estoy estudiando español toda la noche. → I am (going to be) studying Spanish all night.

But in many cases, estudio is enough and sounds more natural than the progressive in Spanish.

What is that letter ñ in español, and how is it pronounced?

Ñ/ñ is a separate letter in the Spanish alphabet, not just an n with an accent.

Pronunciation:

• ñ sounds like the ny in canyon or the ni in onion.
• español is roughly es-pa-NYOL.

Do not pronounce it like a regular n. Español and espanol are different: espanol would be considered a spelling mistake.

Why don’t we use a before español here, like Estudio a español?

Spanish has a personal a that is used before direct objects that are specific people (and sometimes pets), for example:

• Veo a María. (I see María.)
• Llamo a mi madre. (I call my mother.)

You do not use a before:

• things, concepts, languages, etc. → Estudio español.
• after most verbs of having/possessing, like tener: Tengo un libro.

So Estudio español toda la noche is correct without a.

How would I say the negative: I don’t study Spanish all night?

To make a simple negative sentence in Spanish, put no directly before the verb:

• No estudio español toda la noche. → I don’t study Spanish all night.

If you add more negatives (like nunca, nadie), you keep no before the verb and the other negative word where it belongs:

• No estudio español nunca. → I never study Spanish.

How can I change this sentence to past and future: I studied / I will study Spanish all night?

Using the same structure, just change the verb tense:

• I studied Spanish all night.

  • Estudié español toda la noche.
    
    • estudié = I studied (preterite, completed past)

• I will study Spanish all night.

  • Estudiaré español toda la noche.
    
    • estudiaré = I will study (future)

So the pattern stays: [verb form] + español + toda la noche.