El personal cierra la tienda por la noche.

The staff closes the store at night.

Breakdown of El personal cierra la tienda por la noche.

• la noche: the night
• cerrar: to close
• la tienda: the store
• el personal: the staff

Questions & Answers about El personal cierra la tienda por la noche.

What does El personal mean here and why is it singular rather than plural?

El personal is a collective noun meaning “the staff” or “the personnel.” Even though it refers to a group of people, it’s grammatically treated as a single unit, so it takes the singular article el and singular verbs.

Why is cierra in the third-person singular if more than one person is closing the store?

Because the subject El personal is singular as a collective entity. In Spanish, collective nouns like el personal, el equipo, or la gente always take singular verb forms.

What exactly does por la noche mean? Can it be replaced by other expressions?

Por la noche means “at night” in the sense of the nighttime hours in general. You could use durante la noche (“during the night”) to emphasize the time span, or de la noche when giving a specific hour (e.g., son las diez de la noche). But for routine actions, por la noche is most natural.

Could we say por las noches or a la noche instead, and what’s the difference?

Yes:

• Por las noches (plural) emphasizes habit (“on nights in general”).
• A la noche is understood in Latin America but less common than por la noche.
  So El personal cierra la tienda por las noches stresses that every night the staff close the store.

Why is the simple present (cierra) used here—does it indicate habitual action?

Exactly. The Spanish present indicative can express routines or habitual actions. So El personal cierra la tienda por la noche means “The staff close the store at night” as a regular schedule.

Does tienda always mean “store,” and are there regional differences?

In most of Latin America, tienda is the standard word for “store” or “shop.” In Spain, tienda often refers to smaller shops, while larger outlets may be called almacén or supermercado.

What’s the difference between por la noche, de la noche, and durante la noche?

• Por la noche: general nighttime period, used for routines.
• De la noche: specifies a clock time (e.g., a las ocho de la noche = at eight p.m.).
• Durante la noche: highlights the duration or something happening throughout the night (e.g., durante la noche llovió = it rained overnight).