Posle pregleda lekar će prepisati lek.

Because the preposition posle means after and it requires the genitive case.

• Base form: pregled = examination / check-up
• After posle: pregleda

So:

• pregled = examination
• posle pregleda = after the examination / after the check-up

This is a very common Serbian pattern: certain prepositions force a noun into a specific case.

On its own, pregled can mean things like:

• examination
• inspection
• review
• check-up

In this sentence, because we also have lekar (doctor) and lek (medicine), the meaning is clearly medical examination or check-up.

So posle pregleda here is best understood as after the medical examination / after the check-up.

This is the Serbian Future I tense.

It is formed with:

• a short form of hteti (to want, used as a future auxiliary)
• plus the infinitive

Here:

• će = will
• prepisati = infinitive

So:

• lekar će prepisati = the doctor will prescribe

A few examples of the auxiliary forms:

• ću = I will
• ćeš = you will
• će = he/she/it will
• ćemo = we will
• ćete = you (plural/formal) will
• će = they will

Because će is a clitic in Serbian. Clitics usually go in the second position of the clause, or very near the beginning.

So in:

• Lekar će prepisati lek.

the first main element is lekar, and the clitic će comes right after it.

This placement is very normal in Serbian. English speakers often expect will to stay right next to the verb, but Serbian clitics follow their own placement rules.

Yes, prepisati can also mean to copy or to write out from somewhere in other contexts.

But with a doctor and medicine, prepisati lek clearly means:

• to prescribe medicine
• to prescribe a drug/medication

So context is very important.

Examples:

• Prepisao je tekst iz knjige. = He copied the text from the book.
• Lekar je prepisao lek. = The doctor prescribed medicine.

Because prepisati is perfective.

In Serbian, verbs often come in aspect pairs:

• prepisivati = imperfective
• prepisati = perfective

The perfective form presents the action as a completed whole. In this sentence, the idea is that after the examination, the doctor will perform one complete act of prescribing.

That is why prepisati fits naturally here.

Both words can refer to a doctor, but there is a slight difference in usage.

• lekar = physician, doctor; a standard and very clear medical term
• doktor = also very common for doctor, but can also mean someone with a doctorate

In everyday Serbian, people often say both. In a textbook sentence about medicine, lekar is a very natural choice.

Because Serbian has no articles.

So lekar can mean:

• a doctor
• the doctor

and lek can mean:

• a medicine
• the medicine
• sometimes just medicine

You understand which one is meant from context.

That is very different from English, and it takes some getting used to.

Lek is a general word that can mean:

• medicine
• medication
• drug
• remedy

In this sentence, because it is something a doctor prescribes, medicine/medication is the most natural translation.

Also, Serbian often uses the singular lek where English might say medicine more generally.

Yes. Serbian often leaves that out if it is already clear from context.

If you want to include to you, you can say:

• Posle pregleda lekar će vam prepisati lek.

Here vam means to you (plural or polite singular).

For informal singular, you could use:

• Posle pregleda lekar će ti prepisati lek.

So the original sentence is perfectly normal even without that indirect object.

Yes, Serbian word order is more flexible than English word order.

For example, you could also hear:

• Lekar će posle pregleda prepisati lek.
• Posle pregleda će lekar prepisati lek.

These versions mean basically the same thing, but the emphasis can shift slightly.

The original sentence:

• Posle pregleda lekar će prepisati lek.

is a very natural, neutral way to say it.

No. Another common option is nakon.

So you could also say:

• Nakon pregleda lekar će prepisati lek.

Both posle and nakon mean after here, and both take the genitive case.

Very roughly:

• posle is extremely common in everyday speech
• nakon can sound a little more formal or written, depending on context

Both are correct.