Скол означает уценку.

Because означать takes a direct object. In this sentence, скол is the subject, and уценку is the thing that the chip means / indicates.

• скол = subject, nominative
• означает = verb
• уценку = direct object, so accusative

The dictionary form is уценка, but after означать it becomes уценку.

The dictionary form is уценка.

This is a feminine noun, and its accusative singular form is уценку.

A quick pattern:

• nominative: уценка
• accusative: уценку

This is a very common feminine noun pattern in Russian: -а changes to -у in the accusative singular.

Означает is a verb. Its dictionary form is означать, which means to mean, to signify, or to indicate.

Here it is in the:

• present tense
• 3rd person singular

So literally it is means.

Because скол is singular, the verb is also singular:

• скол означает = a chip means / indicates

Russian has no articles, so there is no direct equivalent of a or the.

So Скол означает уценку can be understood in English as something like:

• A chip means a markdown
• The presence of a chip means a markdown
• A chip indicates that the item is discounted

The exact English wording depends on context, but Russian does not mark that difference with articles.

Not quite. Скол usually means a chip: a small piece broken off a hard surface such as glass, ceramic, enamel, or similar material.

Compare:

• скол = a chip, a small bit broken off
• царапина = a scratch
• трещина = a crack

So скол suggests damage of the chipped type, not just any flaw.

Уценка is specifically a price reduction, often because of some defect, damage, or reduced quality.

So in many contexts it is closer to:

• markdown
• reduced price due to a defect
• discount because the item is damaged

That fits well with скол: if an item has a chip, it may be sold at a lower price.

Yes, but it sounds somewhat brief and context-dependent, like something you might see in a shop, warehouse, price note, or training material.

It has the feel of:

• A chip means markdown
• If there is a chip, the item should be discounted

In more explicit everyday Russian, people might also say something like:

• Скол означает, что товар нужно уценить.
• Из-за скола товар идёт на уценку.

So the original sentence is understandable and natural, but it is concise and a bit formula-like.

Yes, Russian word order is flexible, but changing it changes the emphasis.

The neutral order here is:

• Скол означает уценку.

You could also say:

• Уценку означает скол.

But that sounds marked and less natural in most contexts. It puts extra focus on уценку.

For a learner, the original order is the best one to remember.

A helpful pronunciation guide is:

• Скол — approximately skol
• означает — approximately az-na-CHA-yet
• уценку — approximately oo-TSEN-koo

Stress:

• скол
• означа́ет
• уце́нку

So the full sentence is pronounced roughly:

skol az-na-CHA-yet oo-TSEN-koo

Because скол is the subject of the sentence: it is the thing doing the meaning / indicating.

In Russian, the subject of a normal sentence is usually in the nominative case.

So:

• скол = nominative singular
• уценку = accusative singular

This is a very standard subject-verb-object structure.

Yes. In this sentence, both are possible depending on how naturally you want it to sound in English.

• A more literal translation: A chip means a markdown.
• A more idiomatic translation in context: A chip indicates that the item should be marked down.

Russian означать can cover both the idea of to mean and to signify / indicate, so context matters.