Фарфор оказался настоящим.

Оказался means turned out to be or proved to be, not just was.

So Фарфор оказался настоящим suggests that there was some doubt, uncertainty, or discovery, and in the end it was revealed that the porcelain was genuine.

Compare:

• Фарфор был настоящим = The porcelain was real/genuine.
• Фарфор оказался настоящим = The porcelain turned out to be real/genuine.

So оказался adds the idea of an unexpected result or conclusion.

Оказался is:

• past tense
• masculine singular
• perfective
• from the verb оказаться

Why masculine singular? Because it agrees with фарфор, which is a masculine singular noun.

You can see the past tense endings here:

• оказался — masculine
• оказалась — feminine
• оказалось — neuter
• оказались — plural

Since фарфор is masculine, we get оказался.

After verbs like быть, стать, оказаться, the predicate noun or adjective is often put in the instrumental case.

So here:

• фарфор = subject, nominative
• настоящим = predicate complement, instrumental

This is very common in Russian:

• Он был врачом. = He was a doctor.
• Она стала известной. = She became famous.
• Дом оказался пустым. = The house turned out to be empty.

So настоящим is instrumental because it describes what the subject turned out to be.

Because with оказаться, Russian normally uses the instrumental for this kind of complement.

So:

• настоящий = nominative masculine singular
• настоящим = instrumental masculine/neuter singular

In this sentence, the correct standard form is настоящим because the adjective is functioning as a predicate complement after оказался.

Here настоящий means genuine, real, or authentic.

It does not mean present/current here.

So in this context:

• настоящий фарфор = genuine porcelain / real china

Russian настоящий can mean different things depending on context:

• настоящий друг = a true friend
• настоящее время = the present time
• настоящий фарфор = genuine porcelain

Фарфор is a masculine noun in Russian.

A useful rule: many nouns ending in a consonant are masculine. Since фарфор ends in -р, it is masculine.

That is why:

• the verb is оказался and not оказалась
• the adjective complement is masculine instrumental настоящим

Yes, grammatically that is possible, but it sounds more repetitive and usually less natural.

Russian often omits a repeated noun when the meaning is obvious. So instead of saying:

• Фарфор оказался настоящим фарфором

it is more natural to say:

• Фарфор оказался настоящим

The noun фарфор is already the subject, so repeating it is often unnecessary.

The neutral word order is exactly what you see:

• Фарфор оказался настоящим.

It starts with the topic, фарфор, and then gives the result: turned out to be genuine.

You could change the word order for emphasis, but it would sound less neutral. For example:

• Настоящим оказался фарфор.

This puts stronger focus on настоящим, as if contrasting it with something fake or doubtful.

So the original order is the most normal one in everyday Russian.

Yes. This is a very common pattern in Russian:

• оказаться + instrumental adjective/noun

Examples:

• Экзамен оказался трудным. = The exam turned out to be difficult.
• Он оказался правым. = He turned out to be right.
• История оказалась правдой. = The story turned out to be true.

So Фарфор оказался настоящим fits a very common structure.

The stress is:

• фарфо́р
• оказа́лся
• настоя́щим

So the sentence is pronounced roughly:

фарфо́р оказа́лся настоя́щим

This is useful because Russian stress is not always predictable, and learners often want to know where to place it.