Учитель заставил нас повторить правило ещё раз.

Учитель is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the nominative case.

A useful thing to notice is that учитель ends in -ь, but it is still a masculine noun. Not every noun ending in -ь is feminine.

So here:

• учитель = the teacher as the person doing the action

The past tense in Russian agrees with the subject in gender and number.

Since учитель is masculine singular, the verb is:

• заставил = masculine singular past

Compare:

• учитель заставил = the male teacher made...
• учительница заставила = the female teacher made...

So заставил tells you the teacher is understood as male.

Because нас is the accusative case of мы.

The verb заставить means to make / to force someone to do something, and the person being made to do something is the direct object, so Russian uses the accusative.

Compare:

• мы = we
• нас = us

So:

• Учитель заставил нас... = The teacher made us...

After заставить, Russian normally uses this pattern:

• заставить + someone (accusative) + infinitive

So:

• учитель = the one doing the forcing
• нас = the people being forced
• повторить = what we were forced to do

This is very similar to English:

• The teacher made us repeat...

Russian does not need a word like to here:

• made us repeat
• заставил нас повторить

This is a question of aspect.

• повторить = perfective
• повторять = imperfective

Here, повторить is used because the sentence refers to one completed act of repeating the rule: the teacher made us repeat it one more time.

That fits well with:

• ещё раз = one more time

If you said заставил нас повторять, it would suggest a different idea, such as:

• making us repeat it repeatedly
• making us engage in the process of repetition
• focusing more on the activity than on one completed repetition

So in this sentence, повторить is the natural choice.

Правило is the direct object of повторить, so it is in the accusative case.

However, for many neuter inanimate nouns, the accusative looks exactly the same as the nominative.

So:

• nominative: правило
• accusative: правило

That is why the form does not change.

Ещё раз means one more time or again.

Literally:

• ещё = still / more / yet
• раз = time, occasion

Together:

• ещё раз = one more time

In this sentence, it emphasizes that the rule had already been repeated before, and the teacher made us do it again.

Both can often be translated as again, but they are not always used in exactly the same way.

• ещё раз strongly suggests one more repetition
• снова means again/anew, often more generally

In this sentence, ещё раз is especially natural because repeating something is easy to count:

• repeat it one more time

So:

• повторить ещё раз = repeat it one more time

You could sometimes hear снова, but ещё раз fits this situation very well.

Yes. Russian word order is fairly flexible because case endings show the grammatical roles.

The neutral order here is:

• Учитель заставил нас повторить правило ещё раз.

But other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• Нас учитель заставил повторить правило ещё раз.
• Правило учитель заставил нас повторить ещё раз.

These alternatives change the focus or emphasis, not the basic meaning.

For a learner, the original version is the safest and most neutral.

In this sentence, the normal structure is заставить + accusative + infinitive.

So:

• Учитель заставил нас повторить правило...

A чтобы clause is possible in some kinds of sentences, but with заставить the infinitive pattern is the standard and most direct one.

English learners sometimes expect something like:

• The teacher forced that we repeat...

But Russian, like English, usually prefers:

• made us repeat
• заставил нас повторить

Not always. Заставить can mean anything from made to forced, depending on context.

In a school sentence like this, it often just means:

• the teacher made us repeat the rule again

It does not necessarily imply dramatic physical force. It can simply mean that the teacher required it.

So the tone depends on context:

• strict requirement
• insistence
• pressure
• actual forcing

That is shown by нас and the infinitive structure.

In the pattern:

• заставил нас повторить

the person in the accusative (нас) is understood as the one who performs the infinitive action (повторить).

So the meaning is:

• the teacher made us repeat the rule

Not:

• the teacher repeated the rule

Yes. Learners often notice that ё is important.

• ещё is pronounced with ё, not е
• ё usually sounds like yo

In careful transliteration, it is often written eshchó or yeshchó, depending on the system.

Also, in normal Russian writing, ё is sometimes replaced by е, so you may see:

• еще

But it is still understood and usually pronounced as ещё.