Эта шёлковая блузка приятная на ощупь.

Because блузка is a feminine singular noun, and the demonstrative this must agree with it in gender and number.

So:

• этот = masculine singular
• эта = feminine singular
• это = neuter singular
• эти = plural

Since блузка is feminine, you say эта блузка.

They are both feminine singular adjectives, and they agree with блузка.

In Russian, adjectives change their endings to match the noun they describe in:

• gender
• number
• case

Here, блузка is:

• feminine
• singular
• nominative

So the adjectives also take feminine singular nominative endings:

• шёлковая блузка
• приятная блузка / блузка приятная

In the present tense, Russian usually omits the verb to be.

So English This silk blouse is pleasant to the touch becomes simply:

Эта шёлковая блузка приятная на ощупь.

There is no present-tense equivalent of is in normal Russian sentences like this.

In past or future tense, Russian does use forms of to be:

• была = was
• будет = will be

For example:

• Эта блузка была приятной на ощупь.
• Эта блузка будет приятной на ощупь.

На ощупь is a fixed expression meaning to the touch, by touch, or when you feel it with your hands.

So:

• приятная на ощупь = pleasant to the touch
• мягкий на ощупь = soft to the touch
• холодный на ощупь = cold to the touch

It is best learned as a whole chunk: на ощупь.

Because приятная is an adjective agreeing with блузка, while приятно is usually an adverb or a predicative form used in different structures.

Here the sentence is describing the blouse itself, so the adjective agrees with блузка:

• блузка приятная

By contrast, приятно is used in sentences like:

• Мне приятно. = I am pleased.
• Здесь приятно. = It is pleasant here.

So in this sentence, приятная is the form that matches the noun.

Yes. In fact, many speakers would find приятна на ощупь very natural, and in some contexts even more standard than приятная на ощупь.

The difference is this:

• приятная = full adjective form
• приятна = short adjective form

Short-form adjectives are often used when the adjective is the main predicate:

• Блузка приятна на ощупь.

The full form приятная is also possible, especially in conversational speech, but the short form can sound a bit more neutral or literary here.

So both are possible, but:

• приятна на ощупь is very common in this kind of statement
• приятная на ощупь is also understandable and acceptable

Блузка is in the nominative case because it is the subject of the sentence.

The whole subject phrase is:

• Эта шёлковая блузка

Since the noun is nominative feminine singular, the words agreeing with it are also nominative feminine singular:

• эта
• шёлковая

The phrase на ощупь is a fixed idiomatic expression and does not work like a normal adjective agreement pattern.

Not completely. Russian word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral order here is:

• Эта шёлковая блузка приятная на ощупь.

But other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• Шёлковая блузка приятная на ощупь.
• На ощупь эта шёлковая блузка приятная.

The meaning stays similar, but the emphasis changes. For learners, the original order is a good standard pattern:

• subject + description

In this sentence, шёлковая most naturally means made of silk.

So:

• шёлковая блузка = a silk blouse / a blouse made of silk

In some contexts, words from the same root can describe a silky quality, but here the most straightforward meaning is the material.

The ё is important for pronunciation: it is pronounced roughly like yo.

So шёлковая sounds approximately like:

• SHYOL-ka-va-ya

A few useful points:

• ш is like sh
• ё = yo
• the stress falls on шёл

In everyday printed Russian, ё is often written as е, so you may sometimes see шелковая, but it is still pronounced шёлковая.

Using эта means this blouse specifically. It points to a particular blouse.

Compare:

• Эта шёлковая блузка приятная на ощупь. = This silk blouse is pleasant to the touch.
• Шёлковая блузка приятная на ощупь. = A/The silk blouse is pleasant to the touch, depending on context.

Russian has no articles like a or the, so words like эта often help make the reference more specific.

Yes. In this sentence, приятная на ощупь functions together as a description meaning pleasant to the touch.

You can think of it as:

• приятная = pleasant
• на ощупь = to the touch

Together they form a natural descriptive phrase:

• приятная на ощупь ткань
• приятная на ощупь блузка
• приятный на ощупь материал

This is a very useful pattern to remember:

• [adjective] + на ощупь = [adjective] to the touch