Подойди сюда, пожалуйста.

Подойди is the imperative form, used to tell someone to do something: come up / come here / step over here.

• подойти = the infinitive, to approach / to come up
• подходит = he/she/it approaches or fits/suits, depending on context
• подойди = come up! said to one person informally

So in this sentence, подойди is the command form of the verb.

The prefix под- often gives the idea of coming up to or approaching something/someone.

So:

• идти = to go, to walk
• подойти = to come up, to approach

Because of под-, подойди сюда usually sounds a bit more like come over here or come closer, not just walk here in a general sense.

Because Russian distinguishes between:

• сюда = to here, motion toward this place
• здесь = here, location at this place

Since the sentence involves movement, Russian uses сюда:

• Подойди сюда. = Come here.
• Он здесь. = He is here.

A useful rule:

• movement → often сюда / туда
• location → often здесь / там

Yes. Подойди is the singular informal imperative, used with ты.

You would say it to:

• a friend
• a child
• a family member
• someone you speak to informally

If you want to be polite or address more than one person, use:

• Подойдите сюда, пожалуйста.

That can mean:

• Come here, please to one person formally
• Come here, please to several people

Пожалуйста means please here. It makes the command more polite.

So:

• Подойди сюда. = Come here.
• Подойди сюда, пожалуйста. = Come here, please.

It can also appear in slightly different positions:

• Пожалуйста, подойди сюда.
• Подойди, пожалуйста, сюда.

All are natural, though the original version is very standard.

With пожалуйста, it usually sounds polite but direct.

Without пожалуйста, Подойди сюда can sound:

• neutral in some situations
• firm
• or even a bit sharp, depending on tone

Russian imperatives are often more direct than English ones, so intonation matters a lot.

Yes, and it is very common. But there is a nuance:

• Иди сюда = come here
• Подойди сюда = come over here / come up here / come closer

Подойди often suggests approaching the speaker more specifically, especially from a short or medium distance.

In many situations, both work, but подойди can feel a bit more like step up to me.

Подойти is perfective.

In the imperative, perfective verbs often mean:

• do this once
• bring the action to a result

So Подойди сюда focuses on the completed action of coming over here.

The imperfective partner is подходить, but подходи сюда would usually have a different feel, often more like:

• come on over
• be coming here
• repeated/habitual, depending on context

For a simple one-time request, подойди сюда is the normal choice.

The stress is on the last syllable:

• подойдИ

So the sentence is pronounced roughly like:

• падойдИ судА, пажАлуйста

That is only a rough English-style approximation, but the important stress points are:

• подойдИ
• сюдА
• пожАлуйста

No. Сюда is an adverb, not a noun.

That means it does not change for case, gender, or number. It simply means to here / here (with motion).

So there is no hidden case ending to analyze here.

Yes. Russian word order is flexible, though some versions sound more natural in certain contexts.

Common possibilities:

• Подойди сюда, пожалуйста.
• Пожалуйста, подойди сюда.
• Подойди, пожалуйста, сюда.

The original order is very natural and neutral. Changing the order can slightly shift emphasis, but the meaning stays basically the same.

Use the plural/formal imperative:

• Подойдите сюда, пожалуйста.

So:

• подойди = to one person informally
• подойдите = to several people, or to one person formally/politely

This is one of the most important imperative patterns to remember in Russian.