Breakdown of Иногда его слова вызывают удивление, иногда — лёгкое раздражение.
Questions & Answers about Иногда его слова вызывают удивление, иногда — лёгкое раздражение.
The dash shows that a word (or words) have been left out and are understood from the first part of the sentence.
Full version:
Иногда его слова вызывают удивление, иногда (его слова вызывают) лёгкое раздражение.
In the second clause, the verb вызывают (and even его слова) are omitted to avoid repetition. The dash marks this omission and makes the structure clearer and more expressive.
The subject in both parts is его слова.
- его – possessive pronoun (his), does not change by case, gender, or number.
- слова – plural form of слово (word). Here it is nominative plural, so it can be the subject.
The verb вызывают is in the 3rd person plural present tense and agrees with слова (plural):
- слова вызывают – the words cause.
Both удивление and раздражение are in the accusative singular.
The verb вызывать takes a direct object in the accusative, meaning "to cause (what?)":
- вызывать удивление – to cause surprise
- вызывать раздражение – to cause irritation
Nouns like удивление and раздражение (neuter, ending in -ие / -ение) have the same form for nominative and accusative singular, so they look like nominative, but function as accusative here.
Both are possible, but they refer to different people:
- его слова – his words, i.e. the words of some male person already mentioned or understood from context.
- свои слова – one’s own words, referring back to the subject of the clause.
If the subject is он (he), свои слова would mean his own words (his, as the subject).
его слова is neutral: it could be from the point of view of a narrator, someone else describing that person’s words.
Вызывать literally means to cause / to evoke / to provoke something:
- вызывать интерес – to arouse interest
- вызывать смех – to make (someone) laugh
- вызывать удивление – to cause surprise
Using вызывать удивление / раздражение is a very common fixed collocation for "to cause surprise / irritation."
Alternatives:
- заставляют удивляться / раздражаться – focus on making someone actively do something (to make someone start to be surprised / irritated).
- удивляют / раздражают – "they surprise / irritate" (direct emotional impact), but вызывают удивление / раздражение sounds a bit more neutral and abstract.
The adjective лёгкое agrees with раздражение in gender, number, and case:
- раздражение – neuter, singular, accusative
- лёгкий – base form (masculine, nominative)
- neuter singular accusative of лёгкий is лёгкое
So:
- лёгкое раздражение – mild irritation (correct)
- лёгкий раздражение – incorrect, wrong gender agreement
Repetition of иногда creates a clear parallel structure and rhythm:
- Иногда его слова вызывают удивление, иногда — лёгкое раздражение.
It emphasizes the contrast between two different typical reactions:
- sometimes – surprise
- sometimes – mild irritation
You could grammatically say:
- Иногда его слова вызывают удивление и лёгкое раздражение.
But this would mean at the same time they cause both surprise and irritation, not sometimes one, sometimes the other.
Yes, that version is also natural and very common:
- Его слова иногда вызывают удивление, а иногда — лёгкое раздражение.
Differences:
- Original: starts with Иногда, focusing first on frequency/time.
- Variant: starts with Его слова, focusing first on whose words and then specifying how often.
Both are correct; the choice is more about style and which element you want to highlight.
The sentence consists of two independent clauses with the same subject and verb (the second verb is omitted):
- Иногда его слова вызывают удивление
- иногда — лёгкое раздражение
They are joined without a conjunction, so Russian normally uses a comma between them.
A semicolon is possible in very formal or stylistically marked writing, but a comma is standard here. No punctuation would be incorrect.
Его is pronounced [йи-вó] (roughly yee-VOH), not ye-GO with a hard g.
So the whole phrase:
- его слова ≈ yee-VOH slo-VA
Stresses:
- иногда́ – ina-gdá
- его́ – ye-vó
- слова́ – slo-vá
- вызыва́ют – vy-zʏ-vá-yut
- удивле́ние – u-deev-LÉ-ni-ye
- лёгкое – LYÓG-ka-ye (ё is always stressed)
- раздраже́ние – raz-dra-ZHÉ-ni-ye
Лёгкое раздражение is very common, almost like a set collocation meaning mild irritation / slight annoyance.
Here лёгкое is metaphorical:
- literal лёгкий – light in weight (a light bag)
- figurative лёгкое раздражение – not strong, not serious, just a bit of irritation
So in emotional contexts лёгкий / лёгкое often means slight / mild:
- лёгкий испуг – a slight fright
- лёгкая грусть – a mild sadness