Breakdown of Процесс изучения грамматики сложный.
грамматика
the grammar
сложный
complicated
процесс
the process
изучение
the studying
Questions & Answers about Процесс изучения грамматики сложный.
Why is there no word есть (is) in the sentence?
In Russian, the present‐tense copula (the equivalent of “to be”) is usually omitted. You simply state Процесс изучения грамматики сложный without inserting есть.
Why are both изучения and грамматики in the genitive case?
Because of a “genitive chain.” Процесс takes a genitive to show what kind of process it is (process of something), and изучение itself takes a genitive for its object (to study something). Hence: процесс (чего?) изучения (чего?) грамматики.
How do you know that сложный agrees with процесс (a masculine noun)?
Adjectives in Russian must match the noun they describe in gender, number, and case. Процесс is masculine, singular, nominative; therefore сложный is also in the masculine singular nominative form.
Can I change the word order for emphasis?
Yes. Russian word order is flexible. For example, Сложный процесс изучения грамматики places emphasis on сложный, but the core meaning remains unchanged.
Why not use the adverb сложно instead of the adjective сложный?