В силу того, что льгота действует, парковочное разрешение сохранили.

It means since, because, or more formally in view of the fact that.

This is a fairly formal, bookish connector. In official, administrative, or legal-style Russian, it is very natural. In everyday speech, people would more often use потому что, так как, or поскольку.

So the sentence has a tone a bit like: Since the benefit is still in effect, the parking permit was retained.

Because в силу того, что is a fixed expression.

Historically, it is built from:

• в силу = by virtue of / due to
• того, что = the fact that

So the whole phrase works like due to the fact that.

You do not usually analyze and change the case inside it freely as a learner; it is best to memorize в силу того, что as one conjunction-like unit.

Yes. It sounds formal, administrative, or legal.

Compared with other options:

• потому что = neutral, everyday because
• так как = neutral to slightly formal since / as
• поскольку = fairly formal but common in writing
• в силу того, что = distinctly formal, often used in official reasoning

So this sentence sounds like something from a notice, policy explanation, or bureaucratic communication.

Because the sentence begins with a subordinate clause:

• В силу того, что льгота действует = subordinate clause of reason
• парковочное разрешение сохранили = main clause

Russian separates these clauses with a comma, just as English often does with a fronted because/since clause.

Льгота is the subject of действует.

It is in the nominative singular because it is the thing that is in effect / applies / remains valid.

So:

• льгота = subject
• действует = 3rd person singular verb agreeing with it

Here действует does not mean acts in the English sense.

In this context, действовать means:

• to be in force
• to be valid
• to apply
• to remain in effect

This is very common with things like:

• закон действует = the law is in force
• скидка действует = the discount is valid / applies
• льгота действует = the benefit is in effect / still applies

This is a very common Russian pattern: a 3rd person plural verb with no explicit subject.

It means something like:

• they kept
• they retained
• it was retained
• the authorities/officials kept it in place

Russian often uses this structure when the doer is unknown, unimportant, or obvious from context.

So сохранили does not necessarily mean a specific named they. It can be an indefinite-personal construction, especially common in administrative language.

Because разрешение is a neuter inanimate noun, and for neuter inanimate nouns, the accusative looks the same as the nominative.

So here:

• nominative: парковочное разрешение
• accusative: парковочное разрешение

In this sentence it is the direct object of сохранили, so grammatically it is accusative, even though the form does not change.

Because сохранили is perfective past tense, from сохранить.

Perfective focuses on the completed result:

• сохранили = retained / kept in place as a completed decision or outcome

If you used сохраняли instead, that would be imperfective, which would suggest:

• an ongoing process,
• repeated action,
• or background description.

In this sentence, the point is the final result: the permit was retained, so perfective сохранили is the natural choice.

Yes. For example:

• В силу того, что льгота действует, парковочное разрешение было сохранено.

That is also grammatical, but the style changes slightly.

• сохранили = more natural Russian with an indefinite they
• было сохранено = more passive, heavier, and often even more bureaucratic

Russian often prefers the active-looking indefinite-personal construction where English might choose a passive.

Yes. Russian word order is flexible.

For example:

• Парковочное разрешение сохранили, потому что льгота действует.
• Поскольку льгота действует, парковочное разрешение сохранили.

The original version puts the reason first, which fits official explanatory style well.

So the original order emphasizes:

1. the justification,
2. then the decision/result.

Sometimes, but not always, and the nuance changes.

• в силу того, что sounds formal and objective
• из-за того, что often sounds more like because of and can carry a negative or problematic tone

So in an official sentence like this, в силу того, что is better.
Using из-за того, что might sound less formal and slightly less appropriate stylistically.

Льгота is not just any advantage. It usually means a benefit, privilege, concession, or special entitlement, often granted by rules or law.

It is commonly used for things like:

• reduced fares
• tax benefits
• exemptions
• special parking rights
• social benefits

So льгота действует means that the person still qualifies for some officially recognized special benefit, and because of that, the parking permit remains in place.