Он хочет служить своей стране.

Because the verb служить normally takes the dative case in Russian.

So:

• служить кому? чему? = to serve whom? what?
• страна becomes стране in the dative singular

That is why Russian says:

• служить стране = to serve one’s country

Even though English uses a direct object, Russian does not here.

Russian often uses свой to mean one’s own when the possessor is the subject of the sentence.

Here, the subject is он, so:

• своей стране = his own country

This is the natural choice in Russian.

If you said его стране, it would usually sound like:

• his country = possibly someone else’s country, not necessarily his own

So своей helps clearly show that the country belongs to the same person who wants to serve.

Both words are in the dative singular:

• своей = dative singular feminine of свой
• стране = dative singular of страна

They must match because своей describes стране.

So the phrase literally works as:

• to his own country

Because хочет is the conjugated verb meaning wants, and служить is the infinitive meaning to serve.

This is the normal pattern in Russian, just like in English:

• He wants to serve
• Он хочет служить

So:

• хочет = wants
• служить = to serve

In Russian, the infinitive does not need a separate word like English to.

The infinitive is built into the verb form itself:

• служить already means to serve

So хочет служить literally corresponds to wants to serve, even though there is no separate word for to.

Служить means to serve. In this sentence, it usually suggests serving one’s country in a serious or loyal sense, for example:

• military service
• government or public service
• dedicated service to the nation

It is more elevated and purposeful than just working.

For comparison:

• работать = to work
• служить = to serve

So Он хочет служить своей стране sounds stronger and more idealistic than simply saying he wants to work for his country.

Yes. Russian word order is more flexible than English because the case endings show the grammatical roles.

The neutral order here is:

• Он хочет служить своей стране.

But you could also hear:

• Своей стране он хочет служить.
• Служить своей стране он хочет.

These versions shift emphasis:

• starting with своей стране emphasizes his country
• starting with служить emphasizes serving

For a learner, the original order is the safest and most natural default.

Yes, in some contexts it could be omitted, because the verb form хочет already shows he/she wants.

So if the subject is clear from context, Russian may say:

• Хочет служить своей стране.

However, in a standalone sentence, keeping он is normal and clearer.

Because Russian verb endings show the person and number.

The verb хотеть changes like this:

• я хочу = I want
• ты хочешь = you want
• он/она хочет = he/she wants
• мы хотим = we want
• они хотят = they want

So хочет tells you the subject is he or she in the singular. Here, он makes it specifically he.

You would say:

• Он не хочет служить своей стране.

Russian usually makes negation by putting не before the verb:

• хочет = wants
• не хочет = does not want

The rest of the sentence stays the same.

The stresses are:

• Он
• хóчет
• служи́ть
• свое́й
• стране́

So the full sentence is pronounced roughly as:

• Он хóчет служи́ть свое́й стране́.

Pay special attention to:

• хóчет — stress on the first syllable
• служи́ть — stress on the last syllable
• стране́ — stress on the last syllable

Not necessarily, but that is a very common interpretation.

Служить своей стране can mean:

• serving in the military
• serving in government
• serving society or the nation more broadly

Without more context, it has a broad patriotic meaning. But many native speakers would naturally think of military or public service first.