Договор защищает авторское право и требует конфиденциальности.

Договор is in the nominative singular. It is the subject of the sentence—the thing doing the actions.

Both verbs, защищает and требует, refer back to договор:

• Договор защищает...
• Договор требует...

So grammatically, договор is the noun that controls the verb forms.

They are both 3rd person singular present tense verb forms.

That ending matches the subject договор, which is:

• singular
• not I / you
• so Russian uses the he/she/it form

You can think of them as:

• защищает = protects
• требует = requires

Russian does not need a separate word like it here, because the subject договор is already stated.

Because авторское право is the direct object of защищает, and that verb normally takes the accusative case.

However, for inanimate neuter nouns, the accusative often looks exactly the same as the nominative.

So:

• nominative: авторское право
• accusative: авторское право

Even though the case is accusative here, the form does not change.

Because the verb требовать usually governs the genitive case in Russian.

So Russian says:

• требовать конфиденциальности
• literally something like to require confidentiality

This is very common with abstract nouns:

• требовать помощи = to require help
• требовать внимания = to require attention
• требовать тишины = to require silence

So конфиденциальности is genitive singular because that is the pattern after требовать.

Literally, it means author’s right.

But in normal usage, it corresponds to copyright.

This is a fixed legal expression:

• авторское = author-related
• право = right / law

So even though the literal structure is different from English, learners should usually understand авторское право as the standard Russian term for copyright.

Not always. Договор can mean:

• contract
• agreement
• sometimes, in broader or formal contexts, treaty

In this sentence, contract or agreement is the most likely meaning.

Russian legal vocabulary often depends on context, so договор is a broader word than just one fixed English translation.

Because Russian has no articles.

English says:

• the contract
• a contract

Russian simply says:

• договор

Whether it means a contract, the contract, or just contract depends on context.

That is one of the biggest differences English speakers notice when learning Russian.

Yes. Russian word order is more flexible than English word order because grammatical roles are shown largely through case endings and verb forms, not only position.

The neutral order here is:

• Договор защищает авторское право и требует конфиденциальности.

But other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• Авторское право договор защищает и требует конфиденциальности.
• Конфиденциальности договор тоже требует.

Those versions may sound more marked or context-dependent, but they are possible.

So the given sentence is a natural, neutral way to say it.

A helpful stressed version is:

Договóр защищáет áвторское прáво и трéбует конфиденциáльности.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• договóр = da-ga-VOR
• защищáет = za-shchee-SHA-yet
• áвторское = AV-tar-ska-ye
• прáво = PRA-va
• трéбует = TRE-bu-yet
• конфиденциáльности = kan-fi-di-tsi-AL'-na-sti

A few useful notes:

• Russian stress is important and can move from word to word.
• Unstressed о often sounds closer to a.
• щ is a soft long sh sound.

It is a noun, not an omitted adjective.

The base form is:

• конфиденциальность = confidentiality

Here it appears in the genitive singular:

• конфиденциальности

So the sentence is not missing a word like information or data. It simply says that the contract requires confidentiality as an abstract legal principle or condition.

Russian often uses the present tense to express general rules, legal force, or standing conditions.

So:

• Договор защищает...
• Договор требует...

can sound perfectly natural in legal or formal writing.

English legal style may prefer shall protect or requires, depending on the register. Russian does not need a special future-like form here. The plain present tense can express a rule, obligation, or legal effect.

Both are imperfective in this sentence:

• защищать = to protect
• требовать = to require / demand

That is normal here because the sentence states a general ongoing function of the contract, not a single completed action.

In other words, the sentence describes what the contract does as a rule, not one finished event.

So the imperfective aspect fits very naturally.