Письменный перевод включает корректуру.

Because письменный agrees with перевод.

• перевод is a masculine singular noun.
• Russian adjectives must match the noun in gender, number, and case.
• So in the nominative singular, the masculine form is письменный.

Compare:

• письменный перевод = written translation
• письменная работа = written work
• письменное задание = written assignment

So the ending -ый tells you the adjective is masculine singular nominative.

Письменный перевод means written translation or translation in written form.

This is often contrasted with:

• устный перевод = oral translation / interpreting

So:

• письменный перевод = translation of texts, documents, articles, etc.
• устный перевод = interpreting spoken language

A learner may expect writing translation, but Russian uses an adjective here, just like English does in written translation.

Because it is the direct object of the verb включает.

The basic dictionary form is:

• корректура

This is a feminine noun. In the accusative singular, many feminine nouns ending in -а change to -у:

• корректура → корректуру
• книга → книгу
• работа → работу

So in this sentence:

• Письменный перевод = subject
• включает = verb
• корректуру = direct object

That is why you see -у here.

Включает is the 3rd person singular present tense form of включать.

So it means:

• he/she/it includes
• or in this kind of sentence, includes in a general sense

Since the subject is письменный перевод, which is singular, the verb is singular too:

• перевод включает = the translation includes

This is a very common pattern in definitions and general statements.

In Russian, the present tense is often used for general truths, definitions, and regular facts, just like in English.

So:

• Письменный перевод включает корректуру.

means something like:

• Written translation includes proofreading.

This is not necessarily about one specific translation happening right now. It is a general statement about what written translation involves.

Russian has no articles.

So Письменный перевод could mean:

• written translation
• a written translation
• the written translation

The exact meaning depends on context.

In this sentence, it is most naturally understood as a general statement, so in English we usually translate it without an article or with a generic one depending on style:

• Written translation includes proofreading.
• A written translation includes proofreading.

Russian leaves that distinction to context.

The word order here is the most neutral and straightforward:

• Письменный перевод включает корректуру.
• subject + verb + object

Russian word order is more flexible than English, because case endings show grammatical roles. So other orders are possible, for example for emphasis.

For instance:

• Корректуру включает письменный перевод.

This is grammatically possible, but it sounds marked or stylistic. The original order is the most natural if you are simply stating a fact.

Yes, you could.

• Письменный перевод включает корректуру.
• Письменный перевод включает в себя корректуру.

Both are grammatical.

The version with в себя can sound a bit more explicit, like includes as part of itself. In many contexts, though, simple включает is enough and sounds cleaner.

So for learners:

• включать что? = to include something
• включать в себя что? = to include something, to comprise something

Both patterns are common.

Not exactly.

Корректура usually means proofreading or correction of a text, especially checking and fixing mistakes in spelling, punctuation, formatting, and similar details.

It is closer to:

• proofreading
• copy correction

It is usually not as broad as editing in the sense of heavily revising content, structure, or style.

So if you are learning professional vocabulary:

• корректура = proofreading
• редактирование = editing

Depending on context, the English translation may vary a little, but proofreading is often the best match.

There are two main clues:

1. Form

   • письменный перевод is in the nominative case, which is the usual case for the subject.
   • корректуру is in the accusative case, which is typical for a direct object.

2. Verb agreement

   • включает is singular
   • перевод is singular

So the structure is:

• Письменный перевод = subject
• включает = verb
• корректуру = object

That is a very standard Russian sentence pattern.

It can mean more than one thing, depending on context.

Common meanings of перевод include:

• translation
• interpreting in some contexts, especially when clarified by an adjective
• transfer or moving something in other contexts
• even bank transfer in some uses

That is why the adjective helps a lot:

• письменный перевод = written translation
• устный перевод = oral translation / interpreting

So here, because of письменный, the meaning is clearly about language translation in written form.