Сигнальная кнопка даёт право ответа.

• Сигнальная кнопка = the subject, in the nominative singular
• даёт = the verb, 3rd person singular present
• право = the direct object, in the accusative singular
• ответа = genitive singular, dependent on право

A more detailed breakdown:

• сигнальная is an adjective meaning signal / signaling
• кнопка means button
• даёт means gives
• право means right
• ответа means of answering / of response, depending on context

One important detail: право is neuter, and for an inanimate neuter noun, the accusative looks exactly the same as the nominative, so право does not change its form here.

Because право often takes the genitive to show the right of something.

So:

• право ответа = the right of reply / the right to answer
• literally, right of answer/response

This is why you do not see nominative ответ here.

For an English speaker, this may feel unusual, because English often uses to + verb instead:

• the right to answer

Russian can express this idea in several ways, but in this sentence it uses a noun phrase:

• право ответа

Yes. Russian has a few possible patterns, and they are similar but not always identical in tone or usage.

• право ответа = the right of reply / the right to answer
• право на ответ = the right to an answer / the right to respond
• право ответить = the right to answer

In many practical contexts, all three can be understandable, but they are not always perfectly interchangeable.

For example:

• право ответа sounds a bit more like a fixed or formal expression
• право ответить feels more verbal and direct: the right to answer
• право на ответ is also common, depending on the exact meaning

So a learner should mainly remember this: after право, Russian may use either a genitive noun or an infinitive construction, depending on the phrase.

Because даёт is the present tense of давать, the imperfective verb.

• давать = to give, to be giving, to give repeatedly/habitually
• дать = to give once, perfective

So:

• даёт = gives / is giving
• даст = will give

In this sentence, the meaning is general: the signal button gives the right to answer. It sounds like a rule or regular function, so the imperfective present даёт is natural.

Yes. In normal Russian writing, ё is often written as е, so you may see:

• даёт
• дает

These are the same word.

However, the pronunciation is with ё, not plain е:

• даёт ≈ da-YOT

For learners, it is useful to remember the real form as даёт, because it helps with pronunciation and recognition.

Because it agrees with кнопка, and кнопка is a feminine singular noun.

Russian adjectives must agree with the noun they describe in:

• gender
• number
• case

So here:

• кнопка = feminine, singular, nominative
• therefore сигнальная must also be feminine, singular, nominative

That is why you get:

• сигнальная кнопка

If the noun were masculine, neuter, or plural, the adjective ending would change.

Literally, yes: signal/signaling button.

But depending on context, a more natural English translation might be:

• buzzer
• signal button
• response button

For example, in a quiz-show or game setting, сигнальная кнопка is often the button a player presses to claim the right to answer.

So the literal meaning is straightforward, but the best English translation depends on the situation.

Because Russian does not have articles.

So:

• кнопка can mean a button or the button
• право can mean a right or the right

Context tells you which meaning is intended.

That is completely normal in Russian. English speakers often look for an article that simply is not there.

No, Russian word order is relatively flexible.

The neutral order here is:

• Сигнальная кнопка даёт право ответа.

This presents the sentence in a straightforward way: subject → verb → object

But Russian could rearrange the words for emphasis, for example:

• Право ответа даёт сигнальная кнопка.

That might sound more like: It is the signal button that gives the right to answer.

So the original order is the most neutral and natural, but other orders are possible if the speaker wants to emphasize something.

Most likely as a rule or function:

• pressing or having the signal button gives someone the right to answer

So in a quiz, contest, or game, this sentence implies that the button determines who may answer first.

In very literal terms, it says:

• The signal button gives the right of reply/answer.

In more natural English, depending on context, you might say:

• The buzzer gives you the right to answer.
• The signal button determines who gets to answer.

So the Russian structure is a bit formal and compact, but the intended meaning is usually quite practical.