Stacja kontroli pojazdów jest blisko.

Because Polish often builds noun phrases with the pattern noun + genitive, where English would often use a noun as an adjective or use of.

So:

• stacja = station
• kontroli = of inspection / inspection
• pojazdów = of vehicles / vehicles

Literally, the phrase is something like station of inspection of vehicles.

The base forms are:

• kontrola = inspection
• pojazd = vehicle

But after another noun, they change to the genitive:

• kontrola → kontroli (genitive singular)
• pojazdy / pojazd → pojazdów (genitive plural)

Stacja is in the nominative singular, because it is the subject of the sentence.

The sentence is about the station, and the verb jest agrees with that singular subject:

• stacja = station
• jest = is

Also, stacja is a feminine noun, but in the present tense the verb form jest does not show gender.

Here jest means is, and in this sentence it should normally be included.

• Stacja kontroli pojazdów jest blisko. = The vehicle inspection station is nearby.

In standard Polish, you generally need jest in a sentence like this, because blisko is not an adjective agreeing with the noun; it works here as an adverb/predicative word meaning nearby.

So:

• Jest blisko = is nearby

Leaving out jest would sound incomplete or non-standard in an ordinary statement.

Here blisko means nearby / close.

In this sentence, it describes location:

• jest blisko = is near / is nearby

A useful thing to know is that blisko can work in two ways:

1. As an adverb / predicative word

   • Szkoła jest blisko. = The school is nearby.

2. As a preposition with the genitive

   • blisko domu = near the house
   • blisko stacji = near the station

So in your sentence, there is no object after blisko; it just means nearby.

No, Polish word order is fairly flexible, although some orders sound more neutral than others.

The most neutral version here is:

• Stacja kontroli pojazdów jest blisko.

You could also say:

• Blisko jest stacja kontroli pojazdów.

That version is more like:

• There is a vehicle inspection station nearby
• or it puts more focus on nearby

So the original sentence is a natural, neutral choice.

Because Polish does not have articles like a or the.

So stacja kontroli pojazdów can mean:

• a vehicle inspection station
• the vehicle inspection station

Which one is meant depends on context.

In this sentence, English would often naturally use the, but Polish does not need any separate word for that.

No. Pojazd is a broader, more formal word meaning vehicle.

It can include:

• cars
• motorcycles
• trucks
• other road vehicles

So stacja kontroli pojazdów is more official and general than something based on samochód (car).

That is why it fits well in administrative or official language.

Yes, it is correct and understandable, especially in official or formal language.

In everyday speech, though, many Poles also say:

• stacja diagnostyczna

That is a very common everyday term for a vehicle inspection station.

So:

• Stacja kontroli pojazdów jest blisko. = correct, slightly official
• Stacja diagnostyczna jest blisko. = also very natural, often more everyday

A simple pronunciation guide is:

• Stacja ≈ STA-tsya
• kontroli ≈ kon-TRO-li
• pojazdów ≈ po-YAZ-doof
• jest ≈ yest
• blisko ≈ BLIS-ko

A few useful details:

• Polish stress is usually on the second-to-last syllable:
  • STA-cja
  • kon-TRO-li
  • po-JAZ-dów
  • BLIS-ko
• j sounds like English y
• cj in stacja sounds like tsy
• final w is pronounced like f in this position, so -ów sounds like oof

Very literally, it is:

• stacja = station
• kontroli = of inspection
• pojazdów = of vehicles
• jest = is
• blisko = near / nearby

So a very literal gloss would be:

• Station of inspection of vehicles is nearby

That is why the natural English translation is something like:

• The vehicle inspection station is nearby.

The Polish structure is more noun-based than the usual English wording.