Lekarz widzi kość.

• Lekarz = the subject: the person doing the seeing.
• widzi = the verb: sees / is seeing.
• kość = the object: the thing being seen.

So the sentence follows the basic subject–verb–object pattern, just like English:

• Lekarz → doctor
• widzi → sees
• kość → bone

Polish often marks these roles with case endings, not just word order.

Widzieć is the dictionary form of the verb, meaning to see.

In an actual sentence, Polish uses a conjugated form:

• ja widzę = I see
• ty widzisz = you see
• on / ona / ono widzi = he / she / it sees

Because lekarz is he / the doctor in the singular, the correct form is widzi.

So:

• widzieć = to see
• widzi = sees

Because in this sentence kość is in the accusative singular, and for this noun the accusative looks exactly the same as the nominative.

That can feel surprising if you have learned examples like:

• kobieta → kobietę

But not all feminine nouns change that way. Kość belongs to a different pattern.

For kość:

• nominative singular: kość
• accusative singular: kość
• genitive singular: kości

So even though it is the direct object, its form does not change here.

• lekarz is masculine.
• kość is feminine.

This matters because Polish nouns belong to grammatical genders, and that affects adjectives, past tense forms, pronouns, and some number forms.

A useful thing to notice:

• nouns ending in -a are often feminine, but not always
• nouns ending in a consonant are often masculine
• kość is feminine even though it does not end in -a

So grammatical gender in Polish is something you usually need to learn with each noun.

Grammatically, lekarz is a masculine noun.

In real usage, it can:

• refer specifically to a male doctor
• sometimes be used more generally for the profession doctor

If you want to make it clearly female, you may hear:

• lekarka = female doctor

So in a simple sentence like Lekarz widzi kość, most learners should understand lekarz as doctor, but grammatically it is a masculine form.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• lekarz ≈ LEH-kash
• widzi ≈ VEE-jee, but with a softer j/dź sound than English j
• kość ≈ something like koshch, said as one syllable

A few important spelling notes:

• w sounds like English v
• rz usually sounds like a Polish zh/sh-like sound; at the end of lekarz, it is effectively closer to sh
• ś is a soft sh
• ć is a soft ch
• the cluster ść in kość is difficult for English speakers and takes practice

Also, Polish stress is usually on the second-to-last syllable:

• LEkarz
• WIdzi
• kość is one syllable, so it just gets its own stress

Because Polish does not have articles like English a/an and the.

So Lekarz widzi kość can mean:

• A doctor sees a bone
• The doctor sees a bone
• A doctor sees the bone
• The doctor sees the bone

Which one is meant depends on the context.

This is very normal in Polish. Learners often want to insert an article, but Polish simply does not use one.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English because case helps show who is doing what.

The neutral order here is:

• Lekarz widzi kość.

But other orders are possible for emphasis, contrast, or style, for example:

• Kość widzi lekarz.
• Widzi lekarz kość.

These alternatives are grammatical, but they sound marked and would be used in special contexts.

For a beginner, the safest choice is:

• subject + verb + object
• Lekarz widzi kość

Widzieć is an imperfective verb.

In the present tense, widzi can correspond to English:

• sees
• is seeing
• sometimes even can see, depending on context

So Lekarz widzi kość is a normal present-tense statement: the doctor sees the bone.

If you wanted the idea of catching sight of or seeing something as a completed event, Polish often uses the perfective verb:

• zobaczyć = to catch sight of / to see (completed)

So:

• widzieć / widzi = ongoing, general, present seeing
• zobaczyć / zobaczył = saw, caught sight of, managed to see

Yes. Kość is a very useful example of a feminine noun ending in a soft consonant, not in -a.

That matters because many beginners first learn feminine nouns like:

• kobieta
• książka

But kość shows another common pattern:

• nominative singular: kość
• genitive singular: kości
• instrumental singular: kością

So it is worth remembering as a model for similar nouns, especially feminine nouns with soft endings.