To stoisko ma stare książki.

Here to means this.

Polish has a demonstrative word like English this, but it changes for gender:

• ten for masculine nouns
• ta for feminine nouns
• to for neuter nouns

Because stoisko is a neuter noun, the correct form is to stoisko = this stall/stand.

So in this sentence, to is not the English-style it. It is agreeing with stoisko.

Stoisko is a noun meaning something like stall, stand, or booth, especially at a market, fair, or in a shop area.

It is:

• singular
• neuter
• in the nominative case here, because it is the subject of the sentence

A useful pattern: many Polish nouns ending in -o are neuter, and stoisko is one of them.

Ma is the 3rd person singular form of the verb mieć = to have.

So:

• ja mam = I have
• ty masz = you have
• on / ona / ono ma = he / she / it has

Since stoisko is a singular subject, the verb is ma.

Because adjectives in Polish must agree with the noun they describe.

The noun is książki = books, which here is:

• plural
• non-masculine-personal
• accusative form, which looks the same as nominative in this case

For that type of plural noun, the adjective ending is -e, so:

• stare książki = old books

Compare:

• stary dom = old house
• stara książka = old book
• stare książki = old books

So stare is the correct agreeing form.

Because książki is the direct object of ma, and after an affirmative verb like ma, Polish usually uses the accusative case for the direct object.

For the noun książka:

• singular nominative: książka
• plural nominative: książki
• plural accusative: książki
• plural genitive: książek

In this sentence, we need the plural accusative, and for this noun that form happens to be the same as the plural nominative: książki.

Książek is a different case, often used:

• after negation
  
  • Nie ma starych książek = It does not have old books / There are no old books
• after some numbers and quantity expressions

In this sentence, it is accusative plural, because it is the direct object of ma.

However, it looks exactly the same as the nominative plural.

That is very common in Polish with non-masculine-personal plural nouns. So even though the function is accusative, the form is still:

• stare książki

This is one reason case can be confusing at first: sometimes different cases have the same visible form.

Because Polish does not have articles like English a/an and the.

So:

• stoisko can mean a stall, the stall, or just stall
• stare książki can mean old books, some old books, or the old books

Context tells you which meaning is intended.

That is completely normal in Polish.

The basic, neutral order here is:

• To stoisko ma stare książki.

That is a normal subject + verb + object pattern.

Polish word order is more flexible than English, so you can move things for emphasis, but the meaning focus changes. For example:

• Stare książki ma to stoisko.
  This sounds marked and emphasizes old books.

• Ma stare książki to stoisko.
  Also possible in certain contexts, but not the most neutral order.

For a learner, the given order is the safest and most natural basic version.

It is grammatical and understandable, but whether it is the most natural depends on context.

To stoisko ma stare książki literally means This stall has old books. That works, especially if you are talking about what a stall offers.

But in some real-life contexts, Polish speakers might also say:

• Na tym stoisku są stare książki. = There are old books at this stall.
• To stoisko sprzedaje stare książki. = This stall sells old books.

So the original sentence is fine, but there are other natural ways to express a similar idea.

The verb helps you.

Ma is singular, so the subject must be singular too. That matches stoisko, not książki.

Also, semantically, a stall can have books, but books do not normally have a stall.

So:

• To stoisko = subject
• ma = verb
• stare książki = object

A rough English-friendly approximation is:

• kshyonsh-kee

A few details:

• ksi- sounds like a soft ksh / kś cluster
• ąż contains the nasal vowel ą
• before żk, that nasal sound is often heard roughly like on or om plus the following consonant
• -ki is like kee

So learners often say something close to kshonshki, which is a decent starting point.

The exact Polish pronunciation is more subtle, but that approximation is good enough for early practice.